Zhang Aoying, Li Tao, Yuan Lisha, Tan Mingtao, Jiang Dun, Yan Shanchun
School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
Insects. 2023 May 14;14(5):463. doi: 10.3390/insects14050463.
Digestive physiology mediates the adaptation of phytophagous insects to host plants. In this study, the digestive characteristics of larvae feeding preferences on different host plants were investigated. The results showed that the body weight, food utilization, and nutrient contents of larvae feeding on the high-preference host plants were significantly higher than those feeding on the low-preference host plants. However, the activity of larval digestive enzymes in different host plants presented an opposite trend, as higher α-amylase or trypsin activity was observed in the group feeding on the low-preference host plants than that feeding on the high-preference host plants. Upon treatment of leaves with α-amylase and trypsin inhibitors, the body weight, food intake, food utilization rate, and food conversion rate of larvae significantly decreased in all host plant groups. Furthermore, the comprised highly adaptable compensatory mechanisms of digestion involving digestive enzymes and nutrient metabolism in response to digestive enzyme inhibitors. Taken together, digestive physiology mediates the adaptation of to multiple host plants, and the compensatory effect of digestive physiology is an important counter-defense strategy implemented by to resist plant defense factors, especially the insect digestive enzyme inhibitors.
消化生理学介导植食性昆虫对寄主植物的适应性。在本研究中，调查了取食不同寄主植物的幼虫的消化特性及取食偏好。结果表明，取食高偏好寄主植物的幼虫的体重、食物利用率和营养成分显著高于取食低偏好寄主植物的幼虫。然而，不同寄主植物中幼虫消化酶的活性呈现相反趋势，即取食低偏好寄主植物的幼虫组中观察到的α-淀粉酶或胰蛋白酶活性高于取食高偏好寄主植物的幼虫组。用α-淀粉酶和胰蛋白酶抑制剂处理叶片后，所有寄主植物组中幼虫的体重、食物摄入量、食物利用率和食物转化率均显著下降。此外，幼虫具有高度适应性的消化补偿机制，涉及消化酶和营养代谢以应对消化酶抑制剂。综上所述，消化生理学介导幼虫对多种寄主植物的适应性，消化生理学的补偿作用是幼虫实施的一种重要的反防御策略，以抵抗植物防御因子，尤其是昆虫消化酶抑制剂。
