母亲及其子代的产前类胡萝卜素补充的系统效应：孕期叶黄素和玉米黄质（L-ZIP）随机试验-报告编号 1。
Systemic Effects of Prenatal Carotenoid Supplementation in the Mother and her Child: The Lutein and Zeaxanthin in Pregnancy (L-ZIP) Randomized Trial -Report Number 1.
机构信息
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
出版信息
J Nutr. 2023 Aug;153(8):2205-2215. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.05.024. Epub 2023 May 27.
BACKGROUND
Adding carotenoids, particularly lutein (L) and zeaxanthin (Z), to prenatal micronutrient formulations has been promoted to enhance infant visual and neural development and to maintain maternal health. Although these claims are biologically plausible, they are not yet supported by a compelling prospective trial.
OBJECTIVE
We investigated the effect of prenatal carotenoid supplementation on biomarkers of maternal and infant systemic carotenoid status.
METHODS
We randomly assigned 47 first trimester pregnant subjects by 1:1 allocation to receive standard-of-care prenatal vitamins plus a 10 mg L and 2 mg Z softgel (the Carotenoid group) or standard-of-care prenatal vitamins with a placebo softgel (the Control group) for 6-8 mo. Maternal carotenoid concentrations in the serum and skin at the end of each trimester and postpartum were measured with HPLC and resonance Raman spectroscopy, respectively. Infants' systemic carotenoid status was assessed using similar techniques but optimized for infants. Repeated measures and paired t-tests were determined, and a P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS
After supplementation, there was a statistically significant increase in maternal serum L + Z concentrations, serum total carotenoid concentrations, and skin carotenoid status (P < 0.001 for all) in the Carotenoid group relative to the Control group at all study time points. Similarly, infants whose mothers were in the Carotenoid group had a significant 5-fold increase in cord blood L + Z concentrations, over a 3-fold increase in cord blood total carotenoids, and a 38% increase in skin carotenoids compared with the Control group (P < 0.0001 for all). In addition, there was a strong positive, statistically significant correlation between postpartum maternal and infant systemic carotenoid status (P < 0.0001).
CONCLUSION
Prenatal carotenoid supplementation significantly increased maternal and infant systemic (skin and serum) carotenoid status, which may benefit pregnant women and their infants' health. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03750968.
背景
在产前微量营养素配方中添加类胡萝卜素，特别是叶黄素（L）和玉米黄质（Z），以促进婴儿的视觉和神经发育并维持母体健康。尽管这些说法在生物学上是合理的，但它们尚未得到有说服力的前瞻性试验的支持。
目的
我们研究了产前类胡萝卜素补充对母婴系统类胡萝卜素状态生物标志物的影响。
方法
我们通过 1:1 分配将 47 名处于妊娠早期的受试者随机分配，接受标准产前维生素加 10mg L 和 2mg Z 软胶囊（类胡萝卜素组）或标准产前维生素加安慰剂软胶囊（对照组），为期 6-8 个月。使用高效液相色谱法和共振拉曼光谱法分别测量每个孕期末和产后的血清和皮肤中的母体类胡萝卜素浓度。使用类似的技术评估婴儿的系统类胡萝卜素状态，但针对婴儿进行了优化。确定重复测量和配对 t 检验，P 值<0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。
结果
补充后，与对照组相比，类胡萝卜素组的母体血清 L+Z 浓度、血清总类胡萝卜素浓度和皮肤类胡萝卜素状态在所有研究时间点均有统计学显著增加（P<0.001 所有）。同样，母亲在类胡萝卜素组的婴儿脐带血 L+Z 浓度显著增加 5 倍，脐带血总类胡萝卜素增加 3 倍，皮肤类胡萝卜素增加 38%与对照组相比（P<0.0001 所有）。此外，产后母婴系统类胡萝卜素状态之间存在强烈的正相关，具有统计学意义（P<0.0001）。
结论
产前类胡萝卜素补充显著增加了母婴系统（皮肤和血清）类胡萝卜素状态，这可能有益于孕妇及其婴儿的健康。该试验在 clinicaltrials.gov 上注册为 NCT03750968。
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