Qiu Chong, Xia Fei, Zhang Junzhe, Shi Qiaoli, Meng Yuqing, Wang Chen, Pang Huanhuan, Gu Liwei, Xu Chengchao, Guo Qiuyan, Wang Jigang
Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
Department of Nephrology, and Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, China.
Research (Wash D C). 2023 May 24;6:0148. doi: 10.34133/research.0148. eCollection 2023.
Nanocarriers have therapeutic potential to facilitate drug delivery, including biological agents, small-molecule drugs, and nucleic acids. However, their efficiency is limited by several factors; among which, endosomal/lysosomal degradation after endocytosis is the most important. This review summarizes advanced strategies for overcoming endosomal/lysosomal barriers to efficient nanodrug delivery based on the perspective of cellular uptake and intracellular transport mechanisms. These strategies include promoting endosomal/lysosomal escape, using non-endocytic methods of delivery to directly cross the cell membrane to evade endosomes/lysosomes and making a detour pathway to evade endosomes/lysosomes. On the basis of the findings of this review, we proposed several promising strategies for overcoming endosomal/lysosomal barriers through the smarter and more efficient design of nanodrug delivery systems for future clinical applications.
纳米载体在促进药物递送方面具有治疗潜力，包括生物制剂、小分子药物和核酸。然而，它们的效率受到几个因素的限制；其中，内吞作用后内体/溶酶体的降解是最重要的因素。本综述基于细胞摄取和细胞内转运机制的视角，总结了克服内体/溶酶体屏障以实现高效纳米药物递送的先进策略。这些策略包括促进内体/溶酶体逃逸、使用非内吞性递送方法直接穿过细胞膜以避开内体/溶酶体以及开辟一条迂回途径以避开内体/溶酶体。基于本综述的研究结果，我们提出了几种有前景的策略，通过更智能、更高效地设计纳米药物递送系统来克服内体/溶酶体屏障，以用于未来的临床应用。
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