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一种新的、新发的致病变异导致的半叶型前脑无裂畸形

Semilobar Holoprosencephaly Caused by a Novel and De Novo Pathogenic Variant.

作者信息

Nonkulovski D, Sofijanova A, Spasovska T, Gorjan Milanovski, Muaremoska-Kanzoska Lj, Arsov T

机构信息

Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Children's Hospital in Skopje, Skopje, North Macedonia.

Institute of Immunobiology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University Sts Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, North Macedonia.

出版信息

Balkan J Med Genet. 2023 May 2;25(2):71-76. doi: 10.2478/bjmg-2022-0017. eCollection 2023 May.

Abstract

Holoprosencephaly (HPE) is the most common embryonic forebrain developmental anomaly. It involves incomplete or absent division of the prosencephalon into two distinct cerebral hemispheres during the early stages of organogenesis. HPE is etiologically heterogeneous, and its clinical presentation is very variable. We report a case of a 7 month old female infant, diagnosed with non-syndromic semilobar holoprosencephaly, caused by a novel, pathogenic variant in - one of the most commonly mutated genes in non-syndromic HPE coding for the ZIC2 transcription factor. The patient presented with microcephaly, mild facial dysmorphic features, central hypotonia and spasticity on all four extremities. Ultrasound imaging demonstrated the absence of septum pellucidum, semilobar fusion of the hemispheres and mega cisterna magna and brain MRI with confirmed the diagnosis of HPE. Early diagnosis and management are important for the prevention and treatment of complications associated with this condition.

摘要

前脑无裂畸形(HPE)是最常见的胚胎前脑发育异常。它涉及在器官发生早期,前脑不完全或未分裂为两个不同的脑半球。HPE病因异质性强,其临床表现差异很大。我们报告一例7个月大的女婴,诊断为非综合征性半侧脑叶型前脑无裂畸形,由一个新的致病变异引起,该变异位于非综合征性HPE中最常发生突变的基因之一,该基因编码ZIC2转录因子。该患者表现为小头畸形、轻度面部畸形特征、中枢性肌张力减退和四肢痉挛。超声成像显示透明隔缺如、半球半侧脑叶融合、枕大池囊肿,脑部磁共振成像(MRI)确诊为HPE。早期诊断和管理对于预防和治疗与此病症相关的并发症很重要。

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