Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China.
Neurosurgery Center, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China.
Aging Dis. 2024 Feb 1;15(1):74-95. doi: 10.14336/AD.2023.0524.
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease which is strongly associated with age. The incidence of ALS increases from the age of 40 and peaks between the ages of 65 and 70. Most patients die of respiratory muscle paralysis or lung infections within three to five years of the appearance of symptoms, dealing a huge blow to patients and their families. With aging populations, improved diagnostic methods and changes in reporting criteria, the incidence of ALS is likely to show an upward trend in the coming decades. Despite extensive researches have been done, the cause and pathogenesis of ALS remains unclear. In recent decades, large quantities of studies focusing on gut microbiota have shown that gut microbiota and its metabolites seem to change the evolvement of ALS through the brain-gut-microbiota axis, and in turn, the progression of ALS will exacerbate the imbalance of gut microbiota, thereby forming a vicious cycle. This suggests that further exploration and identification of the function of gut microbiota in ALS may be crucial to break the bottleneck in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. Hence, the current review summarizes and discusses the latest research advancement and future directions of ALS and brain-gut-microbiota axis, so as to help relevant researchers gain correlative information instantly.
肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）是一种严重的神经退行性疾病，与年龄密切相关。ALS 的发病率从 40 岁开始增加，并在 65 岁至 70 岁之间达到峰值。大多数患者在出现症状后的三到五年内死于呼吸肌瘫痪或肺部感染，这给患者及其家庭带来了巨大的打击。随着人口老龄化、诊断方法的改进和报告标准的改变，ALS 的发病率在未来几十年可能呈上升趋势。尽管进行了广泛的研究，但 ALS 的病因和发病机制仍不清楚。近几十年来，大量关注肠道微生物组的研究表明，肠道微生物组及其代谢物似乎通过脑-肠-微生物组轴改变 ALS 的发展，而 ALS 的进展会加剧肠道微生物组的失衡，从而形成恶性循环。这表明，进一步探索和识别肠道微生物组在 ALS 中的功能可能是打破该疾病诊断和治疗瓶颈的关键。因此，本综述总结和讨论了 ALS 和脑-肠-微生物组轴的最新研究进展和未来方向，以帮助相关研究人员即时获得相关信息。
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