Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
Department of Family Medicine, International St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes. 2023 Aug;180:68-73. doi: 10.1016/j.zefq.2023.04.014. Epub 2023 Jun 21.
South Korea is an Asian country with a very low birth rate and a large elderly population. Nearly half of deaths are in the elderly over the age of 80, and cancer is the leading cause of all deaths. As the aging population increases, interest in end-of-life (EOL) care and quality of death is growing, but South Korea is one of the Asian countries that traditionally feels burdened by discussing death openly. In particular, even when a person is suffering from an incurable disease and is about to die, it is customary for the family members to make decisions without directly informing the patient of the disease status or discussing life-sustaining treatment (LST). However, due to a series of social events, the importance of individual autonomy, good death, discontinuation of LSTs, and advance care planning (ACP) gradually spread, and eventually the Life-Sustaining Treatment Decisions Act was implemented in 2018. With the enactment of this law, patients' autonomy was enhanced in a short period of time, and a legal basis was established to discontinue LST at the EOL. However, there are still many areas to be improved, and it is fundamentally necessary to spread the concept of 'ACP' within society.
韩国是一个亚洲国家，出生率非常低，老年人口众多。近一半的死亡人数是 80 岁以上的老年人，癌症是所有死亡的主要原因。随着老年人口的增加，对临终关怀和死亡质量的兴趣日益增加，但韩国是传统上对公开讨论死亡感到负担沉重的亚洲国家之一。特别是，即使一个人患有不治之症，即将死亡，家庭成员也习惯在不直接告知患者疾病状况或讨论维持生命治疗（LST）的情况下做出决定。然而，由于一系列社会事件，个人自主权、善终、停止 LST 和预先护理计划（ACP）的重要性逐渐传播，最终《维持生命治疗决定法》于 2018 年实施。随着该法律的颁布，患者的自主权在短时间内得到增强，并为在临终时停止 LST 建立了法律依据。然而，仍有许多方面需要改进，从根本上需要在社会中传播“ACP”的概念。
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