Herrero-Diez María Teresa, Salado-Valdivieso María Inés, Carbajal-Domínguez Sara, Allué-Tango Marta, Villa-Caballero Juan Carlos, Berbel-Hernández Clara
Servicio de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, España.
Sección de Epidemiología del Servicio Territorial de Sanidad de Valladolid, Delegación Territorial de Sanidad de Valladolid, Consejería de Sanidad Junta de Castilla y León, Valladolid, España.
Vacunas. 2023 Mar 6. doi: 10.1016/j.vacun.2023.02.003.
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic affected the school-aged population because of the disease itself and due to the measures applied for prevention and control of the infection. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of population-based vaccination against COVID-19 on the incidence of infection in school settings.
A retrospective descriptive study of COVID-19 cases and school outbreaks was carried out at the province level. Students, teachers and staff from different educational stages of the schools were included. The outcome measure was the incidence according to educational stage, case profile and clinic during the first of the academic year 2020/2021 versus the same period 2021/2022.
The total incidence of SARS-CoV-2 in classrooms was 2,470 cases per 100,000 population in the first trimester of the academic year 2020/2021 and 2,720 cases per 100,000 population in the same period 2021/2022. The number of reported school outbreaks was 7 times higher in this second period; and the risk of infection in classrooms over 12 years of age (students and teachers) was reduced by 43.1% (vaccinated in high percentage).
This study shows a reduction in transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection in students of higher educational stages (secondary and high school) during the first of the academic year 2021/2022 (group with high vaccination coverage at the beginning of the period) compared to the previous school year (without vaccination).
由于新冠病毒疾病本身以及为防控感染所采取的措施，严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）大流行对学龄人口产生了影响。本研究的目的是评估基于人群的新冠疫苗接种对学校环境中感染发生率的影响。
在省级层面开展了一项关于新冠病例和学校疫情爆发的回顾性描述性研究。纳入了来自不同教育阶段学校的学生、教师和工作人员。观察指标是2020/2021学年第一学期与2021/2022学年同期按教育阶段、病例特征和临床情况划分的发病率。
2020/2021学年第一学期教室中SARS-CoV-2的总发病率为每10万人口2470例，2021/2022学年同期为每10万人口2720例。在第二个时期报告的学校疫情爆发数量高出7倍；12岁以上（学生和教师）教室中的感染风险降低了43.1%（高比例接种疫苗）。
本研究表明，与上一学年（未接种疫苗）相比，在2021/2022学年第一学期（该时期开始时疫苗接种覆盖率高的群体）高等教育阶段（初中和高中）学生中SARS-CoV-2感染的传播有所减少。
