Disciplina Biotecnologia e Inovações, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia e Programa Multicentrico de Pós-graduação em Bíoquimica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de São João Del- Rei, Divinópolis, 35501-296, MG, Brazil.
Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Microrganismos, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Divinópolis, 35501-296, MG, Brazil.
Curr Mol Med. 2024;24(10):1208-1218. doi: 10.2174/1566524023666230717141920.
Monkeypox is a global public health issue caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV). As of October 28, 2022, a total of 77,115 laboratoryconfirmed cases and 3,610 probable cases, including 36 deaths, were reported, with 9,070 cases reported in Brazil, the second most affected country. The need to develop national technologies for the rapid diagnosis of emerging diseases for mass testing of the population is evident, as observed in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
With that in mind, this article provides an overview of current methods, techniques, and their applications in the molecular detection of monkeypox, focusing the search on real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and polymerase chain reaction-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (PCRELISA).
The relevant documents or papers covered in this study were selected by a search in international bibliographic databases. The search terms used in the databases were aimed at summarizing existing knowledge on molecular diagnostic methods, such as monkeypox; MPX, MPXV, qPCR, PCR, PCR-ELISA, diagnosis and detection searched separately or together using the Boolean operator "AND" either in the title or abstract. The searches took place in September 2022, and the corresponding articles were selected between 2012 and 2022.
We found 256 documents in total and twelve studies addressing the molecular diagnosis of monkeypox were classified as possible sources for this review.
It is evident there is a pressing need to develop national technologies for rapid diagnosis of emerging diseases for mass testing of the population. It is also extremely important to have national detection kits with greater diagnostic capacity to assist in developing effective public policies in countries affected by this disease.
猴痘是一种由猴痘病毒（MPXV）引起的全球公共卫生问题。截至 2022 年 10 月 28 日，共报告了 77115 例实验室确诊病例和 3610 例可能病例，包括 36 例死亡，巴西报告了 9070 例病例，是受影响第二严重的国家。如在 SARS-CoV-2 大流行期间所见，显然需要开发用于对人群进行大规模检测的新兴疾病快速诊断的国家技术。
有鉴于此，本文概述了当前方法、技术及其在猴痘分子检测中的应用，重点关注实时聚合酶链反应（qPCR）、聚合酶链反应（PCR）和聚合酶链反应-酶联免疫吸附试验（PCRELISA）。
通过在国际文献数据库中进行搜索，选择了涵盖本研究的相关文件或论文。数据库中使用的搜索词旨在总结有关分子诊断方法（如猴痘）的现有知识；MPX、MPXV、qPCR、PCR、PCR-ELISA 分别或结合使用布尔运算符“AND”在标题或摘要中搜索诊断和检测。搜索于 2022 年 9 月进行，相应的文章在 2012 年至 2022 年之间进行了选择。
我们总共发现了 256 篇文献，其中有 12 项研究针对猴痘的分子诊断进行了分类，作为本综述的可能来源。
显然需要开发用于对人群进行大规模检测的新兴疾病快速诊断的国家技术。拥有具有更大诊断能力的国家检测试剂盒对于协助受这种疾病影响的国家制定有效的公共政策也非常重要。
