Akanbi Maxwell, Santiago Rivera Olga J, Dutta Arunima, Pratiti Rebecca
Internal Medicine, McLaren Health Care, Flint, USA.
Graduate Medical Education, McLaren Oakland, Pontiac, USA.
Cureus. 2023 Jun 16;15(6):e40540. doi: 10.7759/cureus.40540. eCollection 2023 Jun.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality rates are increasing in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), including North and Central Asian countries (NCAC). Screening and risk factor reduction can aid in the prevention of colorectal cancer, but communities lack awareness of these screening programs. The review assessed community awareness about CRC screening and prevention in NCAC to facilitate cancer control policies. Study type and methods: For this scoping review, we searched PubMed/Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for articles on community awareness about CRC screening and prevention in NCAC according to inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Eight of 677 articles from five of the 15 NCAC countries met the criteria. Most of the studies utilized a survey design. The results indicated low awareness of the availability of CRC screening and poor knowledge of CRC symptoms. Knowledge of CRC screening modalities was also inadequate. Some countries also lack CRC screening programs.
Community unawareness is a significant barrier to screening program utilization and sustenance. Community health awareness programs (CHAP) are needed to improve the uptake of CRC screening in NCAC. The NCAC should include CHAP as an integral component of the CRC control plan. Long-term cancer control in LMIC could be adapted using the step-ladder pyramidal approach.
在包括北亚和中亚国家（NCAC）在内的低收入和中等收入国家（LMIC），结直肠癌（CRC）的发病率和死亡率正在上升。筛查和降低风险因素有助于预防结直肠癌，但社区对这些筛查项目缺乏认识。本综述评估了NCAC地区社区对结直肠癌筛查和预防的认识，以促进癌症控制政策的制定。研究类型和方法：对于本范围综述，我们根据纳入和排除标准，在PubMed/Medline、Embase和Cochrane图书馆中检索了关于NCAC地区社区对结直肠癌筛查和预防认识的文章。
15个NCAC国家中有5个国家的677篇文章中有8篇符合标准。大多数研究采用了调查设计。结果表明，对结直肠癌筛查可及性的认识较低，对结直肠癌症状的了解不足。对结直肠癌筛查方式的了解也不够充分。一些国家还缺乏结直肠癌筛查项目。
社区缺乏认识是筛查项目利用和维持的重大障碍。需要开展社区健康意识项目（CHAP），以提高NCAC地区对结直肠癌筛查的接受度。NCAC应将CHAP作为结直肠癌控制计划的一个组成部分。低收入和中等收入国家的长期癌症控制可采用阶梯式金字塔方法。
