Changes in the level of health literacy in Czechia between 2015 and 2020.

During the five years from 2015 to 2020, the proportion of people with limited health literacy decreased by 12%. This finding results from international research on the level of health literacy, which took place since 2019 till 2021 in 17 countries of the European region of the World Health Organization. In total, more than 42,000 respondents were interviewed, in Czechia there were 1,650 respondents. In 2020, however, we recorded a limited level of health literacy in 47% of the population over the age of 18. Respondents have the greatest problems with understanding health information from the media and with assessing different treatment options. Czechs (like Slovaks) have the biggest problem with following the instructions of a doctor or pharmacist. Health literacy is influenced by gender, age and education: women, older people and less educated people show higher levels of health literacy. The respondent's social gradient, primarily subjective social status has positive influence to health literacy while financial deprivation has negative influence. On the other hand, health literacy positively affects the physical activity of the respondent; subjectively perceived health and consumption of medical services are influenced as well. The Czech Health Literacy Institute is currently preparing monitoring in 2024-2025.