Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jul 21;20(14):6425. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20146425.
Kratom () is a Southeast Asian plant containing various alkaloids that induce pharmacological effects in humans. In Western countries, online vendors sell a variety of different kratom strains which are marketed to have distinct effect profiles. However, as of yet such marketing claims are unsubstantiated, and therefore the current study investigated whether differently colored kratom products can induce distinct effects, as self-reported by users. Six hundred forty-four current kratom users were anonymously surveyed to compare the self-reported effects of and motivations for using kratom products sold as red, green, and white strains. Most of the survey respondents were customers of the same kratom vendor, the products of which had been analyzed for their alkaloid content by an independent laboratory. The survey respondents reported distinct subjective experiences for different kratom strains, in a manner congruent with common marketing descriptions. However, the product analyses revealed no significant cross-strain differences in alkaloid content, suggesting that the reported effect differences might be disproportionally influenced by marketing narratives and anecdotal reports. Future studies should engage a more diverse population and include kratom strains from various vendors. Controlled, blinded experiments could assess whether the reported effect differences stem from a placebo effect or from alternative factors, e.g., minor alkaloids and terpenes.
标题：不同颜色的麻藤产品是否具有不同的效果？
摘要：麻藤（）是一种东南亚植物，含有多种生物碱，在人类中产生药理作用。在西方国家，在线供应商出售各种不同的麻藤品种，这些品种的营销效果各不相同。然而，到目前为止，这种营销说法还没有得到证实，因此，本研究调查了不同颜色的麻藤产品是否会产生不同的效果，如用户自述的那样。644 名当前的麻藤使用者接受了匿名调查，以比较作为红色、绿色和白色品种出售的麻藤产品的自我报告效果和使用动机。大多数调查对象都是同一家麻藤供应商的客户，该供应商的产品已经由独立实验室分析了其生物碱含量。调查对象报告了不同麻藤品种的不同主观体验，这与常见的营销描述一致。然而，产品分析显示，生物碱含量在不同品种之间没有显著差异，这表明报告的效果差异可能受到营销叙述和传闻的不成比例的影响。未来的研究应该涉及更多样化的人群，并包括来自不同供应商的麻藤品种。对照、盲法实验可以评估报告的效果差异是否源于安慰剂效应或其他因素，例如，次要生物碱和萜烯。
