比较巴基斯坦卡拉奇一家三级医院 COVID-19 患者在第 4 波和第 5 波期间的临床特征和结局。
Comparison of Clinical Characteristics and Outcome of COVID-19 Patients Between the 4 and 5 Wave in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Karachi, Pakistan.
机构信息
Department of Medicine, Pakistan Naval Ship Shifa Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.
Department of Neonatology, Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
出版信息
J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2023 Aug;33(8):857-860. doi: 10.29271/jcpsp.2023.08.857.
UNLABELLED
ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the clinical parameters of 4th and 5th COVID waves in Karachi, Pakistan.
STUDY DESIGN
Descriptive study. Place and Duration of the Study: PNS Shifa Hospital, Karachi, from July 2021 to February 2022.
METHODOLOGY
All patients with COVID-19 in PNS Shifa Hospital were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups, those who had COVID-19 during the 4th wave, and others who had it during the 5th wave. The patients' demographic details, comorbidities, vaccination status, initial presentation, the severity of disease, clinical progress, and final disposal from the hospital were noted. A comparison of severity, length of hospital stays, and mortality was made between the groups.
RESULTS
There were 747 patients admitted during the Delta variant-dominated 4th wave of COVID-19, and 490 patients during the 5th wave, dominated by the Omicron variant. A vast majority of fifth-wave patients had the mild disease (87.35% vs. 49.39%), with significantly lower critical patients (2.04% vs. 7.09%). Vaccination was effective against both the Delta and the Omicron variant of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The mean length of stay in the hospital for patients was significantly lesser (p < 0.001) during the 5th wave as compared to the 4th wave (6.43 ± 3.37 vs. 9.56 ± 5.45 days). The mortality rate was 7.09% among patients admitted in the 4th wave and 2.04% in the 5th wave. This difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
The severity of disease, length of hospital stays, and mortality were higher in the Delta variant-dominated 4th wave of COVID-19 as compared to the Omicron variant-dominated 5th wave in Pakistan. The vaccination was effective against both the Delta and the Omicron variant of COVID 19, as the mortality rate among the vaccinated patients during the two waves was not significantly different.
KEY WORDS
COVID 19, Vaccination, Disease outcome, Mortality.
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摘要
目的
比较巴基斯坦卡拉奇第 4 波和第 5 波 COVID 疫情的临床参数。
研究设计
描述性研究。研究地点和时间：巴基斯坦 PNS Shifa 医院，2021 年 7 月至 2022 年 2 月。
方法
所有在 PNS Shifa 医院感染 COVID-19 的患者均纳入本研究。患者分为两组，一组在第 4 波期间感染 COVID-19，另一组在第 5 波期间感染 COVID-19。记录患者的人口统计学细节、合并症、疫苗接种状态、初始表现、疾病严重程度、临床进展和最终出院情况。比较两组的严重程度、住院时间和死亡率。
结果
在第 4 波 COVID-19 期间，德尔塔变异株占主导地位，有 747 名患者入院，而在第 5 波期间，以奥密克戎变异株为主，有 490 名患者入院。第五波患者绝大多数为轻症（87.35% vs. 49.39%），重症患者明显减少（2.04% vs. 7.09%）。疫苗对德尔塔和奥密克戎变异株的 SARS-CoV-2 病毒均有效。与第 4 波相比，第 5 波住院患者的平均住院时间明显缩短（p<0.001）（6.43±3.37 天 vs. 9.56±5.45 天）。第 4 波入院患者的死亡率为 7.09%，第 5 波为 2.04%。这一差异具有统计学意义（p<0.001）。
结论
与巴基斯坦奥密克戎变异株为主导的第 5 波 COVID-19 相比，德尔塔变异株为主导的第 4 波 COVID-19 的疾病严重程度、住院时间和死亡率更高。疫苗对 COVID-19 的德尔塔和奥密克戎变异株均有效，因为两波接种疫苗患者的死亡率没有显著差异。
关键词
COVID-19、疫苗接种、疾病结局、死亡率。
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