伊朗马什哈德地铁列车内空气和表面的 SARS-CoV-2 检测。
Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in the indoor air and surfaces of subway trains in Mashhad, Iran.
机构信息
Student Research Committee, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
出版信息
Braz J Microbiol. 2023 Sep;54(3):1865-1873. doi: 10.1007/s42770-023-01089-w. Epub 2023 Aug 12.
INTRODUCTION
Millions of passengers around the world are concerned with the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 contamination on public transportation. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the presence of SARS-CoV-2 virus in indoor air and subway surfaces in Mashhad.
METHODS
In this study, air and surface sampling were done at two times in the morning (7-8:30 a.m.) and evening (3:30-5 p.m.), simultaneously in two wagons for men and women in line 1 of Mashhad Metro in March 2021 to detect the virus and measure the concentration of particulate matter. Totally, 30 air and 30 metro samples were collected and examined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
RESULTS
The results showed that three and two cases in the air and surface samples were infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, respectively. There was a significant relationship between the mean concentration of suspended particles PM (particulate matter smaller than 1 μm) with PM (particulate matter smaller than 2.5 μm) and PM (particulate matter smaller than 10 μm) (p < 0. 05). There was also a significant relationship between the mean concentration of suspended particles PM and PM. The results showed that the mean PM measured in the indoor air of the Mashhad metro wagon had a significant relationship with WHO and US EPA and national standards, and its value was higher than the standards (p < 0.05). The average particle concentrations of PM, PM, and PM were equal to 40.46, 42.61, and 48.31 μg/m.
CONCLUSION
According to the results of the pollution detected in this study, COVID-19 may be transmitted by air and environmental surfaces. Our study emphasizes the need for continuous assessment of the presence of the virus in public transportation. Detection of viral RNA in subways indicates the necessity of adequate disinfection in public settings, strictness in disinfection methods, strengthening of educational activities for sanitary measures, physical spacing plan, and increasing ventilation of wagons.
简介
全球数以百万计的乘客担心在公共交通工具上感染 SARS-CoV-2 的可能性。因此，本研究旨在调查马什哈德地铁中室内空气和地铁表面是否存在 SARS-CoV-2 病毒。
方法
本研究于 2021 年 3 月，在马什哈德地铁 1 号线同时对男女车厢的两个时间段（早上 7-8:30 和下午 3:30-5 点）进行空气和表面采样，以检测病毒并测量颗粒物浓度。总共采集和检查了 30 个空气样本和 30 个地铁样本，采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）。
结果
结果显示，空气和表面样本中分别有 3 例和 2 例感染了 SARS-CoV-2 病毒。悬浮颗粒 PM（小于 1μm 的颗粒物）的平均浓度与 PM（小于 2.5μm 的颗粒物）和 PM（小于 10μm 的颗粒物）之间存在显著关系（p < 0.05）。悬浮颗粒 PM 与 PM 之间也存在显著关系。结果表明，马什哈德地铁车厢内空气中测量的平均 PM 值与世界卫生组织和美国环保署以及国家标准有显著关系，且其值高于标准（p < 0.05）。PM、PM 和 PM 的平均颗粒浓度分别为 40.46、42.61 和 48.31μg/m。
结论
根据本研究检测到的污染结果，COVID-19 可能通过空气和环境表面传播。我们的研究强调需要持续评估公共交通工具中病毒的存在情况。在地铁中检测到病毒 RNA 表明需要对公共场所进行充分消毒，严格消毒方法，加强卫生措施的教育活动，制定物理间距计划，增加车厢通风。
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