Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA.
Schizophr Bull. 2024 Jan 1;50(1):177-186. doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbad115.
Individuals at familial risk for developing schizophrenia (FRSZ) or bipolar disorder (FRBD) have shared and unique genetic risks. Few studies have compared neural activation between these two groups. Therefore, the present meta-analysis investigated functional brain similarities and differences between FRSZ and FRBD individuals.
A systematic literature review was conducted of articles that compared FRSZ or FRBD individuals to healthy controls (31 FRSZ and 22 FRBD). Seed-based d mapping was used to conduct the meta-analysis. Analyses included comparisons of FRSZ to controls, FRBD to controls, and both relative groups to each other.
Using a highly conservative family-wise error rate correction, there were no significant findings. Using a less conservative threshold, FRSZ compared to controls had lower activation in the left precuneus (Puncorrected = .02) across all studies and in the left middle frontal gyrus (Puncorrected = .03) in nonsocial cognition studies. FRBD compared to controls had lower activation in the left superior parietal gyrus (Puncorrected = .03) and right angular gyrus (Puncorrected = .03) in nonsocial cognition studies, and higher activation in the left superior frontal gyrus (Puncorrected = .01) in social tasks. Differences between FRSZ and FRBD were not significant.
There were few robust differences between FRSZ or FRBD compared to controls. This suggests only weak support for neural activation differences between individuals at genetic risk for schizophrenia or bipolar disorder and controls. The tentative findings observed were in different brain regions for FRSZ and FRBD, with no strong evidence for shared effects between schizophrenia and bipolar genetic risk on neural activation.
有精神分裂症（FRSZ）或双相情感障碍（FRBD）家族发病风险的个体具有共同和独特的遗传风险。很少有研究比较这两组人群的神经激活。因此，本荟萃分析研究了 FRSZ 和 FRBD 个体之间的功能脑相似性和差异。
对比较 FRSZ 或 FRBD 个体与健康对照者（31 名 FRSZ 和 22 名 FRBD）的文章进行了系统的文献回顾。使用基于种子的 d 映射进行荟萃分析。分析包括 FRSZ 与对照组、FRBD 与对照组以及两组相对组之间的比较。
使用高度保守的全脑错误率校正，没有发现显著结果。使用较不保守的阈值，FRSZ 与对照组相比，在所有研究中左楔前叶（未校正的 Puncorrected =.02）和非社会认知研究中左额中回（未校正的 Puncorrected =.03）的激活较低。FRBD 与对照组相比，在非社会认知研究中左顶上回（未校正的 Puncorrected =.03）和右角回（未校正的 Puncorrected =.03）的激活较低，在社会任务中左额上回（未校正的 Puncorrected =.01）的激活较高。FRSZ 和 FRBD 之间的差异不显著。
与对照组相比，FRSZ 或 FRBD 之间的差异很少有稳健的差异。这表明，精神分裂症或双相情感障碍遗传风险个体与对照组之间的神经激活差异只有微弱的支持。观察到的暂定结果在 FRSZ 和 FRBD 之间存在不同的脑区，没有强有力的证据表明精神分裂症和双相遗传风险之间存在共享的神经激活效应。
