1995 年 7 月芝加哥热浪过后早产儿出生比例的差异。
Disparities in preterm birth following the July 1995 Chicago heat wave.
机构信息
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY.
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY; Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
出版信息
Ann Epidemiol. 2023 Nov;87. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2023.08.008. Epub 2023 Sep 9.
PURPOSE
To evaluate if changes in preterm birth (PTB, <37 weeks of gestation) incidence differed between non-Hispanic (NH) Black and NH white births following the July 1995 Chicago heat wave-among the most severe U.S. heat waves since 1950.
METHODS
We used an ecologic study design. We obtained birth data from January 1990-December 1996 from the National Vital Statistics File to calculate the mean monthly PTB incidence in Chicago's Cook County, Illinois. Births between July 1995 and February 1996 were potentially exposed to the heat wave in utero. We generated time series models for NH Black and NH white births, which incorporated synthetic controls of Cook County based on unexposed counties. We ran a secondary analysis considering socioeconomic status (SES).
RESULTS
From 1990-1996, the mean monthly PTB incidence among NH Black births was 18.6% compared to 7.8% among NH white births. The mean monthly PTB incidence among NH Black births from August 1995-January 1996 was 16.7% higher than expected (three additional PTBs per 100 live births per month [95% confidence interval (CI): 1, 5]). A similar increase occurred among low-SES NH Black births. No increase appeared among NH white births.
CONCLUSIONS
Severe heat waves may increase racial disparities in PTB incidence.
目的
评估 1995 年 7 月芝加哥热浪之后，非西班牙裔（NH）黑人和 NH 白人早产儿（<37 周妊娠）发病率的变化是否存在差异——这是自 1950 年以来美国最严重的热浪之一。
方法
我们采用生态研究设计。我们从 1990 年 1 月至 1996 年 12 月从国家生命统计文件中获得了伊利诺伊州芝加哥库克县的出生数据，以计算芝加哥的平均每月早产儿发病率。1995 年 7 月至 1996 年 2 月之间出生的婴儿可能在子宫内暴露于热浪中。我们为 NH 黑人和 NH 白人出生生成了时间序列模型，该模型结合了基于未暴露县的库克县的合成对照。我们进行了二次分析，考虑了社会经济地位（SES）。
结果
在 1990 年至 1996 年期间，NH 黑人出生的平均每月早产儿发病率为 18.6%，而 NH 白人出生的发病率为 7.8%。1995 年 8 月至 1996 年 1 月期间，NH 黑人出生的平均每月早产儿发病率比预期高 16.7%（每月每 100 例活产额外增加 3 例早产儿[95%置信区间（CI）：1，5]）。低 SES 的 NH 黑人出生中也出现了类似的增长。NH 白人出生中没有出现增长。
结论
剧烈热浪可能会增加早产儿发病率的种族差异。
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