外科医生对女性在医学中支持性角色的内隐联想。
Surgeon Implicit Association of Women With Supportive Roles in Medicine.
机构信息
From the The University of Texas Dell Medical School, Austin, TX (Alexander, Rajagopalan, Ramtin, Ngoue, and Ring), and the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Tennessee College of Medicine-Chattanooga, Erlanger Orthopaedic Institute, Chattanooga, TN (Adams).
出版信息
J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2024 Jan 1;32(1):e26-e32. doi: 10.5435/JAAOS-D-23-00082. Epub 2023 Sep 6.
BACKGROUND
In a previous study, we documented patient implicit bias that surgeons are men. As a next step, we tested the implicit bias of surgeons that women in medicine have leading (chair, surgeon) or supporting roles (medical assistant, physician assistant).
QUESTIONS/PURPOSE: (1) What is the relationship between the implicit associations and expressed beliefs of surgeons regarding women as leaders in medicine? (2) Are there factors associated with surgeon implicit association and explicit preference regarding the roles of women in medicine?
METHODS
A total of 102 musculoskeletal surgeon members of the Science of Variation Group (88 men and 12 women) completed an implicit association test (IAT) of implicit bias regarding sex and lead/support roles in medicine and a questionnaire that addressed respondent demographics and explicit preference regarding women's roles. The IAT consisted of seven rounds with five rounds used for teaching and two rounds for evaluation.
RESULTS
On average, there was an implicit association of women with supportive roles (D-score: -48; SD 4.7; P < 0.001). The mean explicit preference was for women in leadership roles (median: 73; interquartile ranges: 23 to 128; P < 0.001). There was a correlation between greater explicit preference for women in a leading role and greater implicit bias toward women in a supporting role (ρ = 0.40; P < 0.001). Women surgeons and shoulder and elbow specialists had less implicit bias that women have supporting roles.
CONCLUSION
The observation that musculoskeletal surgeons have an explicit preference for women in leading roles in medicine but an implicit bias that they have supporting roles-more so among men surgeons-documents the gap between expressed opinions and ingrained mental processing that is the legacy of the traditional "roles" of women in medicine and surgery. To resolve this gap, we will need to be intentional about promotion of and emersion in experiences where the leader is a woman.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
III.
背景
在之前的一项研究中，我们记录了患者对医生是男性的隐性偏见。作为下一步，我们测试了外科医生的隐性偏见，即女性在医学领域中担任领导（主席、外科医生）或支持角色（医疗助理、医师助理）。
问题/目的：（1）外科医生对女性作为医学领域领导者的隐性联想和表达信念之间的关系是什么？（2）是否存在与外科医生隐性联想和对女性在医学领域中角色的明确偏好相关的因素？
方法
科学变异性研究小组的 102 名肌肉骨骼外科医生成员（88 名男性和 12 名女性）完成了一项关于性别和医学中领导/支持角色的隐性联想测试（IAT）以及一份关于受访者人口统计学和对女性角色的明确偏好的问卷。IAT 由七轮组成，其中五轮用于教学，两轮用于评估。
结果
平均而言，女性与支持性角色存在隐性联想（D 分数：-48；标准差 4.7；P < 0.001）。明确偏好的平均值为女性担任领导角色（中位数：73；四分位间距：23 至 128；P < 0.001）。更大的明确偏好女性担任领导角色与对女性担任支持角色的更大隐性偏见之间存在相关性（ρ=0.40；P < 0.001）。女性外科医生和肩部和肘部专家对女性担任支持角色的隐性偏见较小。
结论
观察到肌肉骨骼外科医生对女性在医学领域担任领导角色有明确的偏好，但对女性担任支持角色的隐性偏见，在男性外科医生中更为明显——这证明了表达的观点和根深蒂固的心理处理之间存在差距，这是医学和外科中女性传统“角色”的遗留问题。为了解决这一差距，我们需要有意促进和沉浸在女性担任领导角色的经历中。
证据水平
III。
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