Pan Junyu, Chen Meiqing, Li Ning, Han Rongwei, Yang Yongxin, Zheng Nan, Zhao Shengguo, Zhang Yangdong
Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
Foods. 2023 Oct 12;12(20):3755. doi: 10.3390/foods12203755.
The milk fat globule membrane () is a complex tri-layer membrane that wraps droplets of lipids in milk. In recent years, it has attracted widespread attention due to its excellent bioactive functions and nutritional value. contains a diverse array of bioactive lipids, including cholesterol, phospholipids, and sphingolipids, which play pivotal roles in mediating the bioactivity of the . We sequentially summarize the main lipid types in the in this comprehensive review and outline the characterization methods used to employ them. In this comprehensive review, we sequentially describe the types of major lipids found in the and outline the characterization methods employed to study them. Additionally, we compare the structural disparities among glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and gangliosides, while introducing the formation of lipid rafts facilitated by cholesterol. The focus of this review revolves around an extensive evaluation of the current research on lipid isolates from the , as well as products containing lipids, with respect to their impact on human health. Notably, we emphasize the clinical trials encompassing a large number of participants. The summarized bioactive functions of lipids encompass the regulation of human growth and development, influence on intestinal health, inhibition of cholesterol absorption, enhancement of exercise capacity, and anticancer effects. By offering a comprehensive overview, the aim of this review is to provide valuable insights into the diverse biologically active functions exhibited by lipids in the .
乳脂肪球膜（MFG）是一种复杂的三层膜，包裹着牛奶中的脂质滴。近年来，由于其出色的生物活性功能和营养价值而备受关注。MFG含有多种生物活性脂质，包括胆固醇、磷脂和鞘脂，它们在介导MFG的生物活性方面发挥着关键作用。在这篇综述中，我们依次总结了MFG中的主要脂质类型，并概述了用于研究它们的表征方法。此外，我们比较了甘油磷脂、鞘脂和神经节苷脂之间的结构差异，同时介绍了由胆固醇促进的脂筏形成。这篇综述的重点是广泛评估目前对从MFG中分离出的脂质以及含有MFG脂质的产品对人类健康影响的研究。值得注意的是，我们强调了涉及大量参与者的临床试验。总结的MFG脂质的生物活性功能包括调节人类生长发育、影响肠道健康、抑制胆固醇吸收、增强运动能力和抗癌作用。通过提供全面的概述，本综述的目的是深入了解MFG中脂质所展现的多种生物活性功能。
