Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
Respir Res. 2023 Nov 6;24(1):268. doi: 10.1186/s12931-023-02573-5.
Forced vital capacity (FVC) reflects respiratory health, but the long-term trend and heterogeneity in FVC of Chinese students were understudied.
Data were from Chinese National Survey on Students' Constitution and Health 1985-2019. Super Imposition by Translation and Rotation model was used to draw FVC growth curves. Sex-, region-, and nationality-heterogeneity in FVC was evaluated. Spearman correlation and generalized additive model was used to reveal influencing factors for FVC.
Compared to 1985, age at peak FVC velocity was 1.09, 3.17, 0.74, and 1.87 years earlier for urban male, urban female, rural male, and rural female in 2019, respectively. Peak FVC velocity first decreased and then increased during 1985-2019, only male rebounded to larger than 1985 level. FVC declined from 1985 to 2005 and then raised. Males consistently had higher FVC than females, with disparities increasing in the 13-15 age group. Urban students also had higher FVC than rural students. In 2019, FVC difference between 30 Chinese provinces and the national average showed four scenarios: consistently above national average; less than national average until age 18, then above; greater than national average until age 18, then this advantage reversed; less than national average in almost all the age. Most Chinese ethnic minority students had lower FVC levels compared to Han students. Spearman correlation and generalized additive model showed that age, sex, and height were the leading influencing factors of FVC, followed by socioeconomic and environmental factors.
Chinese students experienced advanced FVC spurt, and there was sex-, region- and nationality-heterogeneity in FVC. Routine measurement of FVC is necessary in less developed areas of China.
用力肺活量（FVC）反映了呼吸健康状况，但中国学生的 FVC 长期趋势和异质性仍研究不足。
数据来自 1985 年至 2019 年中国学生体质与健康调研。采用平移旋转叠加模型绘制 FVC 生长曲线，评估 FVC 的性别、地区和民族异质性。采用 Spearman 相关和广义相加模型揭示 FVC 的影响因素。
与 1985 年相比，2019 年城市男性、城市女性、农村男性和农村女性的 FVC 最大增速年龄分别提前了 1.09、3.17、0.74 和 1.87 岁。1985-2019 年期间，FVC 最大增速先降低后升高，仅男性反弹至高于 1985 年水平。FVC 从 1985 年到 2005 年下降，然后上升。男性的 FVC 始终高于女性，在 13-15 岁年龄组，差异增大。城市学生的 FVC 也高于农村学生。2019 年，中国 30 个省份与全国平均 FVC 差值呈现出四种情况：持续高于全国平均水平；18 岁前低于全国平均水平，然后高于；18 岁前高于全国平均水平，然后这种优势逆转；在几乎所有年龄都低于全国平均水平。与汉族学生相比，大多数中国少数民族学生的 FVC 水平较低。Spearman 相关和广义相加模型显示，年龄、性别和身高是 FVC 的主要影响因素，其次是社会经济和环境因素。
中国学生经历了 FVC 的提前突增，FVC 存在性别、地区和民族异质性。在中国欠发达地区，有必要常规测量 FVC。
