Wei Tian, Benge Zou, Shujing Xu, Yinghao Xu, Ruifeng Zhang, Li Li, Yali Jing, Mengzhen Wang, Yingyu Zhuang, Jianlong Liu, Chenglin Liang
Haidu College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Laiyang, 265200 China.
Shandong Luyuan Weipin Agricultural High-Tech Co., Ltd., Laiyang, 265211 China.
3 Biotech. 2023 Dec;13(12):404. doi: 10.1007/s13205-023-03832-4. Epub 2023 Nov 17.
Organic agriculture plays a positive role in promoting genetic diversity, including living organisms, plants, and cultivated crops in the soil. However, few comparative studies reported whether different soil types were suitable for organic cultivation. In this study, loam and clay-loam soils under continuous organic cultivation were analyzed. The results showed that there were no significant differences between two soil types in soil pH, bulk density, total porosity, moisture content and three soil phases. The capillary porosity and organic matter content of loam were significantly higher than those of clay-loam. Compared with clay-loam soil, the contents of total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, zinc and silicon in loam soil were also significantly higher. The microbial diversity was higher in loam and the dominant microbes differed between the two soils. Glycosyl transferases and carbohydrate esterases were enriched in loam, whereas glycoside hydrolases and carbohydrate-binding modules were enriched in clay loam. The potato yield in loam was significantly higher than that in clay loam. Among the tuber quality indicators, the protein content of potatoes in loam was higher than that in clay-loam, but the reducing sugar content was lower for loam than for clay-loam. In conclusion, compared with clay loam, loam was more suitable for organic cultivation of potatoes on account of the high contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium and the rich microbial community, thus promoting a high yield of tubers. This study provided a theoretical reference for the selection of soil type suitable for organic cultivation.
有机农业在促进遗传多样性方面发挥着积极作用，包括土壤中的生物、植物和栽培作物。然而，很少有比较研究报道不同土壤类型是否适合有机种植。在本研究中，对持续进行有机种植的壤土和黏壤土进行了分析。结果表明，两种土壤类型在土壤pH值、容重、总孔隙度、含水量和三相方面没有显著差异。壤土的毛管孔隙度和有机质含量显著高于黏壤土。与黏壤土相比，壤土中全氮、磷、钾、钙、锌和硅的含量也显著更高。壤土中的微生物多样性更高，且两种土壤中的优势微生物不同。壤土中糖基转移酶和碳水化合物酯酶富集，而糖苷水解酶和碳水化合物结合模块在黏壤土中富集。壤土中马铃薯产量显著高于黏壤土。在块茎品质指标中，壤土中马铃薯的蛋白质含量高于黏壤土，但壤土中还原糖含量低于黏壤土。总之，与黏壤土相比，壤土因其较高的氮、磷、钾含量和丰富的微生物群落更适合马铃薯的有机种植，从而提高块茎产量。本研究为适合有机种植的土壤类型选择提供了理论参考。
