Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA.
Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA.
Alzheimers Dement. 2024 Feb;20(2):1360-1373. doi: 10.1002/alz.13544. Epub 2023 Nov 22.
Identification of psychosocial-behavioral phenotypes to understand within-group heterogeneity in risk and resiliency to Alzheimer's disease (AD) within Black/African American and Hispanic/Latino older adults is essential for the implementation of precision health approaches.
A cluster analysis was performed on baseline measures of socioeconomic resources (annual income, social support, occupational complexity) and psychiatric distress (chronic stress, depression, anxiety) for 1220 racially/ethnically minoritized adults enrolled in the Health and Aging Brain Study-Health Disparities (HABS-HD). Analyses of covariance adjusting for sociodemographic factors examined phenotype differences in cognition and plasma AD biomarkers.
The cluster analysis identified (1) Low Resource/High Distress (n = 256); (2) High Resource/Low Distress (n = 485); and (3) Low Resource/Low Distress (n = 479) phenotypes. The Low Resource/High Distress phenotype displayed poorer cognition and higher plasma neurofilament light chain; differences between the High Resource/Low Distress and Low Resource/Low Distress phenotypes were minimal.
The identification of psychosocial-behavioral phenotypes within racially/ethnically minoritized older adults is crucial to the development of targeted AD prevention and intervention efforts.
识别心理社会行为表型对于理解黑人和西班牙裔/拉丁裔老年人中阿尔茨海默病（AD）风险和复原力的组内异质性至关重要，这对于实施精准健康方法至关重要。
对参加健康和衰老大脑研究-健康差异（HABS-HD）的 1220 名种族/民族少数成年人的社会经济资源（年收入、社会支持、职业复杂性）和精神困扰（慢性压力、抑郁、焦虑）的基线测量值进行聚类分析。调整社会人口因素的协方差分析检查了认知和血浆 AD 生物标志物中表型差异。
聚类分析确定了（1）低资源/高压力（n=256）；（2）高资源/低压力（n=485）；和（3）低资源/低压力（n=479）表型。低资源/高压力表型的认知能力较差，血浆神经丝轻链水平较高；高资源/低压力表型和低资源/低压力表型之间的差异很小。
在种族/民族少数老年人中识别心理社会行为表型对于制定有针对性的 AD 预防和干预措施至关重要。
