揭示差距：美国绿色养老院和传统养老院的 COVID-19 结果对比。
Revealing the divide: Contrasting COVID-19 outcomes in Green Houses and traditional nursing homes in the United States.
机构信息
Department of Health Policy, Management, & Behavior, State University of New York at Albany, School of Public Health, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA.
Department of Health Policy, Management, & Behavior, State University of New York at Albany, School of Public Health, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA; Bureau of Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12237, USA.
出版信息
Geriatr Nurs. 2024 Jan-Feb;55:136-143. doi: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2023.11.001. Epub 2023 Nov 21.
INTRODUCTION
This study compares COVID-19 case and mortality rates in Green Houses (GHs) and traditional nursing homes (NHs) during the COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS
CMS data from 10 states (June 2020 to September 2022) were analyzed for GHs (n = 19), small NHs (n = 266), and large NHs (n = 2,932). Multivariate Poisson regressions with GEE were used.
RESULTS
Participants (mean age 73.4) were predominantly female (57.8 %) and White (78.2 %). Small and large NHs had a significantly higher COVID-19 case risk (RR = 1.61; 95 % CI 1.25-2.08 and RR = 1.75; 95 % CI 1.36-2.24, respectively) compared to GHs. Large NHs also had an increased mortality risk (RR = 1.67; 95 % CI 1.01-2.77) compared to GHs, with no difference found between GHs and small NHs.
CONCLUSION
After adjusting for age, gender, and ADL disability, GHs demonstrated lower COVID-19 case and mortality rates than traditional NHs, likely due to their unique features, including person-centered care, size, and physical structure.
简介
本研究比较了 COVID-19 大流行期间养老院（GHs）和传统养老院（NHs）的病例和死亡率。
方法
分析了来自 10 个州（2020 年 6 月至 2022 年 9 月）的 CMS 数据，包括 GHs（n=19）、小型 NHs（n=266）和大型 NHs（n=2932）。采用广义估计方程的多变量泊松回归进行分析。
结果
参与者（平均年龄 73.4 岁）主要为女性（57.8%）和白人（78.2%）。小型和大型 NHs 的 COVID-19 病例风险明显高于 GHs（RR=1.61；95%CI 1.25-2.08 和 RR=1.75；95%CI 1.36-2.24）。与 GHs 相比，大型 NHs 的死亡率风险也有所增加（RR=1.67；95%CI 1.01-2.77），但 GHs 与小型 NHs 之间没有差异。
结论
在调整年龄、性别和 ADL 残疾后，GHs 的 COVID-19 病例和死亡率低于传统 NHs，这可能是由于其独特的特征，包括以人为本的护理、规模和物理结构。
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