Hithayathulla Mohammed Afsharhussain, Putta Nagarajan Hrithik Dakssesh, Gopalakrishnan Vrijesh, Puliyadi Rishi Kaargil, Chandrasekaran Gopalakrishnan
Department of Internal Medicine, Madurai Medical College, Madurai, IND.
Department of Urology, Nithilaa Nursing Home, Madurai, IND.
Cureus. 2023 Nov 11;15(11):e48644. doi: 10.7759/cureus.48644. eCollection 2023 Nov.
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) encompasses a spectrum of disorders characterized by enzyme deficiencies in the hormone biosynthesis pathways of the adrenal glands, resulting in impaired cortisol synthesis. These disorders are typically inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. Numerous enzymes participate in the hormonal synthesis within the adrenal glands, and the clinical presentation of affected individuals exhibits significant variability, contingent upon the specific enzyme deficiency and its severity. In this case, we present a compelling instance of 11β-hydroxylase deficiency (11βOHD). The patient initially presented as a male, with complaints of early-onset hypertension and intermittent hematuria. He had a history of precocious puberty and had experienced a progressive increase in breast size. Subsequently, the patient was found to have an XX karyotype, and a pelvic ultrasound revealed the presence of a uterus, two ovaries, and a rudimentary vagina. Gender reassignment surgery was done to this patient. This intricate case underscores the critical importance of promptly recognizing and effectively managing CAH. Timely and appropriate treatment is pivotal in ensuring the well-being of affected individuals.
先天性肾上腺皮质增生症(CAH)涵盖一系列疾病,其特征为肾上腺激素生物合成途径中的酶缺乏,导致皮质醇合成受损。这些疾病通常以常染色体隐性模式遗传。众多酶参与肾上腺内的激素合成,受影响个体的临床表现因特定酶缺乏及其严重程度而异,呈现出显著的变异性。在此病例中,我们展示了一个11β-羟化酶缺乏症(11βOHD)的典型病例。该患者最初表现为男性,主诉早发性高血压和间歇性血尿。他有性早熟病史,且乳房尺寸逐渐增大。随后,发现该患者的核型为XX,盆腔超声显示存在子宫、两个卵巢和一个发育不全的阴道。对该患者进行了性别重置手术。这个复杂的病例凸显了及时识别和有效管理CAH的至关重要性。及时且恰当的治疗对于确保受影响个体的健康至关重要。