Balasubramanian Pradeep, Laldinthari Chhakchhuak, Lalngaihzuali Rebecca, Laltlanzovi C, Roy Swagnik, Laldinmawii Gracy, Lalnunpuia Robert, Sailo Lalnunsangi
From the Department of Dermatology, Zoram Medical College, Mizoram, India.
Department of Microbiology, Zoram Medical College, Mizoram, India.
Indian J Dermatol. 2023 Sep-Oct;68(5):569-572. doi: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_216_23.
Molluscum-like skin lesions in HIV patients can be the presenting feature of the vast array of diseases. Hence, laboratory investigations play a crucial role in making an accurate etiological diagnosis. The studies that discuss the outcomes of commonly performed laboratory tests in molluscum-like lesions in HIV patients are very sparse. Hence, we conducted a study to bridge this literature gap. This study was conducted among four patients with HIV who had molluscum-like skin lesions. Shave biopsy was performed on all the patients and the specimens were sent for potassium hydroxide (KOH) mount/gram stain, fungal culture and histopathological examination. The tissue samples from cases 1, 2, 3 and 4 are mentioned as samples A, B, C and D, respectively. KOH mount showed yeast-like rounded bodies around 6 μm in size in samples A and B. The KOH mount in samples C and D showed septate branching hyphae. KOH mount in sample C also showed large rounded bodies around 35 μm which were identified as molluscum bodies. The histopathology of samples A and B showed features suggestive of talaromycosis whereas the histopathology of samples C and D showed features of molluscum contagiosum. Culture in Sabouraud Dextrose Agar grew T. marneffei in samples A, B and C. The commonly available laboratory tests immensely help in establishing the diagnosis of molluscum-like skin lesions. However, certain nuances in laboratory tests need to be understood lucidly. Studies with larger sample sizes need to be conducted to determine the possible co-infection of poxvirus and T. marneffei, as witnessed in sample C.
HIV患者出现的传染性软疣样皮肤病变可能是多种疾病的首发特征。因此,实验室检查对于准确的病因诊断起着至关重要的作用。讨论HIV患者传染性软疣样病变中常用实验室检查结果的研究非常稀少。因此,我们开展了一项研究来填补这一文献空白。该研究在四名患有传染性软疣样皮肤病变的HIV患者中进行。对所有患者进行了削除活检,并将标本送去进行氢氧化钾(KOH)涂片/革兰氏染色、真菌培养和组织病理学检查。病例1、2、3和4的组织样本分别称为样本A、B、C和D。KOH涂片显示样本A和B中有大小约6μm的酵母样圆形体。样本C和D的KOH涂片显示有分隔的分支菌丝。样本C的KOH涂片还显示有大小约35μm的大圆形体,被鉴定为传染性软疣小体。样本A和B的组织病理学表现提示为马尔尼菲篮状菌病,而样本C和D的组织病理学表现为传染性软疣。在沙氏葡萄糖琼脂培养基上培养,样本A、B和C中培养出了马尔尼菲篮状菌。常用的实验室检查对诊断传染性软疣样皮肤病变有很大帮助。然而,需要清楚地理解实验室检查中的某些细微差别。需要进行更大样本量的研究,以确定如样本C中所见的痘病毒和马尔尼菲篮状菌可能的合并感染情况。