导致中毒性肌病的植物。

Plants Causing Toxic Myopathies.

作者信息

Sponseller Beatrice, Evans Tim

机构信息

Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, 1809 South Riverside Drive, Ames, IA 50011, USA.

Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and MU Extension, University of Missouri, W226 Veterinary Medicine Building, 1520 East Rollins Street, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.

出版信息

Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract. 2024 Apr;40(1):45-59. doi: 10.1016/j.cveq.2023.11.001. Epub 2023 Dec 26.

DOI:10.1016/j.cveq.2023.11.001

PMID:38151404

Abstract

Boxelder and sycamore maple contain hypoglycin A (HGA), the toxic metabolite of which, MCPA-CoA, inhibits fatty acid β-oxidation, causing seasonal pasture myopathy (SPM) or atypical myopathy (AM), respectively. White snakeroot and rayless goldenrod contain multiple benzofuran ketones (BFKs). The identity/toxicity of BFKs appear variable, possibly involving interactions between toxins/toxic metabolites, but ultimately inhibit cellular energy metabolism. Unthrifty horses grazing sparse pastures during the fall appear predisposed to these plant-associated, frequently fatal, toxic myopathies. Toxidromes are characterized by varying degrees of rhabdomyolysis and cardiac myonecrosis, with plant toxins remaining toxic in hay and being excreted in milk.

摘要

槭叶卫矛和美国梧桐含有降血糖素A（HGA），其有毒代谢产物MCPA-CoA会抑制脂肪酸β-氧化，分别导致季节性牧场肌病（SPM）或非典型肌病（AM）。白蛇根和无射线一枝黄花含有多种苯并呋喃酮（BFK）。BFK的特性/毒性似乎各不相同，可能涉及毒素/有毒代谢产物之间的相互作用，但最终会抑制细胞能量代谢。秋季在稀疏牧场放牧的瘦弱马匹似乎易患这些与植物相关的、通常致命的中毒性肌病。中毒症状的特点是不同程度的横纹肌溶解和心肌坏死，植物毒素在干草中仍具毒性，并可通过乳汁排出。