Uchida-Fujii Eri, Kuroda Taisuke, Niwa Hidekazu, Kinoshita Yuta, Kano Rui, Tamura Takashi, Makimura Koichi, Ueno Takanori
Microbiology Division, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association.
Clinical Veterinary Medicine Division, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association.
J Equine Vet Sci. 2024 Feb;133:104990. doi: 10.1016/j.jevs.2023.104990. Epub 2023 Dec 29.
Infectious ulcerative keratitis is a common disease in racehorses. To improve treatment outcomes, this study aimed to assess the antimicrobial susceptibilities of bacterial and fungal isolates obtained from the cornea of Japanese Thoroughbred racehorses with equine infectious ulcerative keratitis. Bacterial and fungal cultures were performed for 166 corneal swabs from 107 cases. A disc diffusion test and minimum inhibitory concentration test were also performed to assess antimicrobial susceptibility of the bacterial and fungal isolates, respectively. Bacterial and/or fungal isolates were obtained from 85.0% (91/107) of the cases. Staphylococcus was primarily isolated from bacterial isolates, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Aerococcus, Streptococcus, Acinetobacter, and Pseudomonas. Aspergillus was primarily isolated from filamentous fungi, and Debaryomyces species was primarily identified in yeast-like fungi. Ofloxacin resistance was observed in 100% (12/12), 15.9% (7/44), and 25.0% (3/12) of MRSA, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus isolates, respectively. The prevalence of quinolone-resistant Staphylococci and Streptococci has increased in the past two decades. All Aspergillus isolates were susceptible to voriconazole, whereas other filamentous fungi, including Fusarium, were less susceptible to voriconazole. Further studies are required to determine effective treatments for antimicrobial-resistant isolates.
感染性溃疡性角膜炎是赛马的一种常见疾病。为了改善治疗效果，本研究旨在评估从患有马传染性溃疡性角膜炎的日本纯种赛马角膜中分离出的细菌和真菌的抗菌药敏性。对107例病例的166份角膜拭子进行了细菌和真菌培养。还分别进行了纸片扩散试验和最低抑菌浓度试验，以评估细菌和真菌分离株的抗菌药敏性。85.0%（91/107）的病例分离出了细菌和/或真菌。葡萄球菌是主要从细菌分离株中分离出来的，包括耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）、气球菌属、链球菌属、不动杆菌属和假单胞菌属。曲霉属是主要从丝状真菌中分离出来的，德巴利酵母属主要在类酵母真菌中鉴定出来。MRSA、葡萄球菌和链球菌分离株对氧氟沙星的耐药率分别为100%（12/12）、15.9%（7/44）和25.0%（3/12）。在过去二十年中，耐喹诺酮葡萄球菌和链球菌的患病率有所增加。所有曲霉属分离株对伏立康唑敏感，而其他丝状真菌，包括镰刀菌属，对伏立康唑的敏感性较低。需要进一步研究以确定针对耐药分离株的有效治疗方法。
