Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
Int J Biol Sci. 2024 Jan 1;20(1):347-366. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.88500. eCollection 2024.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a type of stromal cells characterized by their properties of self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation, which make them prominent in regenerative medicine. MSCs have shown significant potential for the treatment of various diseases, primarily through the paracrine effects mediated by soluble factors, specifically extracellular vesicles (EVs). MSC-EVs play a crucial role in intercellular communication by transferring various bioactive substances, including proteins, RNA, DNA, and lipids, highlighting the contribution of MSC-EVs in regulating cancer development and progression. Remarkably, increasing evidence indicates the association between MSC-EVs and resistance to various types of cancer treatments, including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and endocrinotherapy. In this review, we provide an overview of the recent advancements in the biogenesis, isolation, and characterization of MSC-EVs, with an emphasis on their functions in cancer therapy resistance. The clinical applications and future prospects of MSC-EVs for mitigating cancer therapy resistance and enhancing drug delivery are also discussed. Elucidating the role and mechanism of MSC-EVs in the development of treatment resistance in cancer, as well as evaluating the clinical significance of MSC-EVs, is crucial for advancing our understanding of tumor biology. Meanwhile, inform the development of effective treatment strategies for cancer patients in the future.
间充质干细胞（MSCs）是一种具有自我更新和多向分化特性的基质细胞，这使它们在再生医学中具有突出的地位。MSCs 通过可溶性因子介导的旁分泌作用显示出治疗各种疾病的巨大潜力，特别是通过细胞外囊泡（EVs）。MSC-EVs 通过传递各种生物活性物质，包括蛋白质、RNA、DNA 和脂质，在细胞间通讯中发挥着关键作用，突出了 MSC-EVs 在调节癌症发展和进展中的贡献。值得注意的是，越来越多的证据表明 MSC-EVs 与各种类型的癌症治疗耐药性有关，包括放疗、化疗、靶向治疗、免疫治疗和内分泌治疗。在这篇综述中，我们概述了 MSC-EVs 的生物发生、分离和表征的最新进展，重点介绍了它们在癌症治疗耐药性中的作用。还讨论了 MSC-EVs 用于减轻癌症治疗耐药性和增强药物递送的临床应用和未来前景。阐明 MSC-EVs 在癌症治疗耐药性发展中的作用和机制，以及评估 MSC-EVs 的临床意义，对于深入了解肿瘤生物学至关重要。同时，为未来癌症患者制定有效的治疗策略提供信息。
