Pharmacy Department & Panyu Institute of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511400, People's Republic of China.
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, People's Republic of China.
Int J Nanomedicine. 2023 Dec 28;18:8001-8021. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S433737. eCollection 2023.
Nucleic acids have emerged as promising therapeutic agents for many diseases because of their potential in modulating gene expression. However, the delivery of nucleic acids remains a significant challenge in gene therapy. Although viral vectors have shown high transfection efficiency, concerns regarding teratogenicity or carcinogenicity have been raised. Non-viral vehicles, including cationic polymers, liposomes, and inorganic materials possess advantages in terms of safety, ease of preparation, and low cost. Nevertheless, they also face limitations related to immunogenicity, quick clearance in vivo, and lack of targeting specificity. On the other hand, bioinspired strategies have shown increasing potential in the field of drug delivery, yet there is a lack of comprehensive reviews summarizing the rapid development of bioinspired nanoparticles based on the cell membrane camouflage to construct the nucleic acids vehicles. Herein, we enumerated the current difficulties in nucleic acid delivery with various non-viral vehicles and provided an overview of bioinspired strategies for nucleic acid delivery.
核酸因其在调节基因表达方面的潜力，已成为许多疾病有前途的治疗药物。然而，核酸的递送仍然是基因治疗中的一个重大挑战。尽管病毒载体显示出高转染效率，但人们对其致畸性或致癌性表示担忧。非病毒载体，包括阳离子聚合物、脂质体和无机材料，在安全性、易于制备和低成本方面具有优势。然而，它们也面临着与免疫原性、体内快速清除和缺乏靶向特异性相关的限制。另一方面，仿生策略在药物输送领域显示出越来越大的潜力，但缺乏全面的综述，总结基于细胞膜伪装构建核酸载体的仿生纳米粒子的快速发展。在此，我们列举了各种非病毒载体在核酸传递方面的当前困难，并概述了核酸传递的仿生策略。
