McGuire Center for Lepidoptera & Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
Division of Entomology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India.
Gigascience. 2024 Jan 2;13. doi: 10.1093/gigascience/giad103.
Understanding the genotype of pest species provides an important baseline for designing integrated pest management (IPM) strategies. Recently developed long-read sequence technologies make it possible to compare genomic features of nonmodel pest species to disclose the evolutionary path underlying the pest species profiles. Here we sequenced and assembled genomes for 3 agricultural pest gelechiid moths: Phthorimaea absoluta (tomato leafminer), Keiferia lycopersicella (tomato pinworm), and Scrobipalpa atriplicella (goosefoot groundling moth). We also compared genomes of tomato leafminer and tomato pinworm with published genomes of Phthorimaea operculella and Pectinophora gossypiella to investigate the gene family evolution related to the pest species profiles.
We found that the 3 solanaceous feeding species, P. absoluta, K. lycopersicella, and P. operculella, are clustered together. Gene family evolution analyses with the 4 species show clear gene family expansions on host plant-associated genes for the 3 solanaceous feeding species. These genes are involved in host compound sensing (e.g., gustatory receptors), detoxification (e.g., ABC transporter C family, cytochrome P450, glucose-methanol-choline oxidoreductase, insect cuticle proteins, and UDP-glucuronosyl), and digestion (e.g., serine proteases and peptidase family S1). A gene ontology enrichment analysis of rapid evolving genes also suggests enriched functions in host sensing and immunity.
Our results of family evolution analyses indicate that host plant adaptation and pathogen defense could be important drivers in species diversification among gelechiid moths.
了解害虫的基因型为设计综合虫害管理（IPM）策略提供了重要的基础。最近开发的长读序列技术使我们能够比较非模式害虫物种的基因组特征，以揭示害虫物种特征背后的进化路径。在这里，我们对 3 种农业害虫卷叶蛾进行了基因组测序和组装：Phthorimaea absoluta（番茄潜叶蛾）、Keiferia lycopersicella（番茄线虫）和 Scrobipalpa atriplicella（鹅脚板地老虎）。我们还比较了番茄潜叶蛾和番茄线虫的基因组与已发表的 Phthorimaea operculella 和 Pectinophora gossypiella 的基因组，以研究与害虫物种特征相关的基因家族进化。
我们发现 3 种茄科取食物种 P. absoluta、K. lycopersicella 和 P. operculella 聚在一起。对 4 个物种的基因家族进化分析表明，3 种茄科取食物种的与宿主植物相关的基因家族明显扩张。这些基因涉及到宿主化合物的感应（例如味觉受体）、解毒（例如 ABC 转运蛋白 C 家族、细胞色素 P450、葡萄糖-甲醇-胆碱氧化还原酶、昆虫表皮蛋白和 UDP-葡糖醛酸）和消化（例如丝氨酸蛋白酶和肽酶家族 S1）。快速进化基因的基因本体富集分析也表明，在宿主感应和免疫方面的功能富集。
我们的家族进化分析结果表明，宿主植物适应和病原体防御可能是卷叶蛾物种多样化的重要驱动因素。
