Department of Psychology, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA.
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT, USA.
Memory. 2024 Nov;32(10):1358-1370. doi: 10.1080/09658211.2023.2298921. Epub 2024 Jan 3.
Memory is notoriously fallible and susceptible to misinformation. Yet little is known about the underlying cognitive and neural mechanisms that render individuals vulnerable to this type of false memory. The current experiments take an individual differences approach to examine whether susceptibility to misinformation reflects stable underlying factors related to memory retrieval. In Study 1, we report for the first time the existence of substantial individual variability in susceptibility to misinformation in the context of repeated memory retrieval, when the misinformation effect is most pronounced. This variability was not related to an individual's tendency to adopt an episodic retrieval style during remembering (trait mnemonics). In Study 2, we next examined whether susceptibility to misinformation is related to intrinsic functional connectivity in medial temporal lobe (MTL) networks known to coordinate memory reactivation during event retrieval. Stronger resting-state functional connectivity between the MTL and cortical areas associated with visual memory reactivation (occipital cortex) was associated with better protection from misinformation. Together, these results reveal that while memory distortion is a universal property of our reconstructive memory system, susceptibility to misinformation varies at the individual level and may depend on one's ability to reactivate visual details during memory retrieval.
记忆是出了名的不可靠,容易受到错误信息的影响。然而,人们对导致个体易受这种虚假记忆影响的潜在认知和神经机制知之甚少。当前的实验采用个体差异的方法来研究易受错误信息影响是否反映了与记忆检索相关的稳定的潜在因素。在研究 1 中,我们首次报告了在重复记忆检索的情况下,易受错误信息影响存在大量个体差异,此时错误信息效应最为明显。这种可变性与个体在记忆时采用情节检索风格的倾向(特质助记符)无关。在研究 2 中,我们接下来研究了易受错误信息影响是否与内侧颞叶(MTL)网络的内在功能连接有关,这些网络已知在事件检索期间协调记忆再激活。MTL 与与视觉记忆再激活相关的皮质区域(枕叶皮层)之间的静息状态功能连接越强,受到错误信息的保护就越好。总之,这些结果表明,尽管记忆扭曲是我们的重构记忆系统的普遍特性,但易受错误信息影响的程度在个体水平上存在差异,并且可能取决于个体在记忆检索过程中重新激活视觉细节的能力。