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Zhi-Chao Lei, Xinchang Wang, Liulin Yang, Hang Qu, Yibin Sun, Yang Yang, Wei Li, Wen-Bin Zhang, Xiao-Yu Cao, Chunhai Fan, Guohong Li, Jiarui Wu, Zhong-Qun Tian
State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China.
National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China.
Chem Soc Rev. 2024 Feb 19;53(4):1892-1914. doi: 10.1039/d3cs00634d.
Molecular assembly is the process of organizing individual molecules into larger structures and complex systems. The self-assembly approach is predominantly utilized in creating artificial molecular assemblies, and was believed to be the primary mode of molecular assembly in living organisms as well. However, it has been shown that the assembly of many biological complexes is "catalysed" by other molecules, rather than relying solely on self-assembly. In this review, we summarize these catalysed-assembly (catassembly) phenomena in living organisms and systematically analyse their mechanisms. We then expand on these phenomena and discuss related concepts, including catalysed-disassembly and catalysed-reassembly. Catassembly proves to be an efficient and highly selective strategy for synergistically controlling and manipulating various noncovalent interactions, especially in hierarchical molecular assemblies. Overreliance on self-assembly may, to some extent, hinder the advancement of artificial molecular assembly with powerful features. Furthermore, inspired by the biological catassembly phenomena, we propose guidelines for designing artificial catassembly systems and developing characterization and theoretical methods, and review pioneering works along this new direction. Overall, this approach may broaden and deepen our understanding of molecular assembly, enabling the construction and control of intelligent assembly systems with advanced functionality.
分子组装是将单个分子组织成更大结构和复杂系统的过程。自组装方法主要用于制造人工分子组装体，并且被认为是生物体内分子组装的主要模式。然而，已经表明，许多生物复合物的组装是由其他分子“催化”的，而不是仅仅依赖于自组装。在这篇综述中，我们总结了生物体中的这些催化组装（catassembly）现象，并系统地分析了它们的机制。然后，我们扩展了这些现象，并讨论了相关的概念，包括催化拆卸和催化再组装。Catassembly 被证明是一种高效且高度选择性的策略，可协同控制和操纵各种非共价相互作用，特别是在层次分子组装中。过度依赖自组装在某种程度上可能会阻碍具有强大功能的人工分子组装的发展。此外，受生物 catassembly 现象的启发，我们提出了设计人工 catassembly 系统以及开发表征和理论方法的指导原则，并回顾了沿着这一新方向的开创性工作。总的来说，这种方法可能会拓宽和深化我们对分子组装的理解，使具有先进功能的智能组装系统的构建和控制成为可能。
