基于人群的横断面研究显示，伊朗伊斯兰共和国夜间睡眠时间与高血压之间存在性别特异性剂量反应关系。

Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.

Occupational Sleep Research Center, Baharloo Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.

East Mediterr Health J. 2023 Dec 21;29(12):954-965. doi: 10.26719/emhj.23.119.

BACKGROUND

Several studies have suggested that sleep disorders have adverse effects on blood pressure. However, the findings remain controversial and only a few studies have investigated the association between sleep duration and hypertension among all age and sex subgroups.

AIM

To evaluate the dose-response association between sleep duration and blood pressure in the Iranian population using the Ravansar non-communicable disease cohort study.

METHODS

This was a cross-sectional study of 9865 participants aged 35-65 years from the 2014-2017 Ravansar non-communicable disease cohort study. Night sleep duration was classified as ≤5 hours, 6 hours, 7 hours, 8 hours, 9 hours, and ≥10 hours. The association between self-reported sleep duration and hypertension was examined using multivariable logistic regression in STATA version 14. Restricted cubic spline analysis showed the dose-response association between sleep duration and hypertension.

RESULTS

The age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension was 16.50% among men, 24.20% among women and 20.50% in the total population. Compared with reference sleep duration (7 hours) in the total population, the multivariable odds ratio [OR (95% CI)] for hypertension was 0.70 (0.55-0.88) for the group with 9 hours sleep duration and 0.90 (0.74-1.09) for the group with ≤5 hours sleep duration. Among pre-menopausal women, we observed an inverse association between 9 hours sleep duration and hypertension [0.62 (0.42-0.90)]. The age-adjusted cubic spline suggested a linear inverse association between sleep duration and prevalence of hypertension among men and the total population and a non-linear association among women.

CONCLUSION

Longer sleep duration (from 9 hours) had a negative association with hypertension. Further studies are needed to identify the risk factors associated with sleep duration and hypertension among the general population in the Islamic Republic of Iran.

背景

多项研究表明睡眠障碍对血压有不良影响。然而，这些发现仍存在争议，只有少数研究调查了所有年龄和性别亚组中睡眠持续时间与高血压之间的关系。

目的

利用伊朗拉万萨尔非传染性疾病队列研究评估睡眠持续时间与血压之间的剂量-反应关系。

方法

这是一项横断面研究，纳入了 2014 年至 2017 年拉万萨尔非传染性疾病队列研究中年龄在 35-65 岁的 9865 名参与者。夜间睡眠时间分为≤5 小时、6 小时、7 小时、8 小时、9 小时和≥10 小时。使用 STATA 版本 14 中的多变量逻辑回归检查自我报告的睡眠持续时间与高血压之间的关联。限制三次样条分析显示了睡眠持续时间与高血压之间的剂量-反应关系。

结果

调整年龄后，男性高血压患病率为 16.50%，女性为 24.20%，总人群为 20.50%。与总人群中参考睡眠时间（7 小时）相比，睡眠时间为 9 小时的人群患高血压的多变量比值比（95%CI）为 0.70（0.55-0.88），睡眠时间≤5 小时的人群为 0.90（0.74-1.09）。在绝经前女性中，我们观察到睡眠时间为 9 小时与高血压之间存在负相关[0.62（0.42-0.90）]。年龄调整后的三次样条显示，男性和总人群中睡眠持续时间与高血压患病率之间呈线性负相关，而女性则呈非线性相关。