Huang Huan, Huang Shaofen, Chen Shiyun, Gao Xuping, Cai Jun, Feng Yonghui, Liu Jiazi, Su Xin, Qiu Jiamin, Zhang Shiwen, Xu Ying, Liu Zheng, Wang Ting, Zeng Fangfang
Political Security Department of the Party Committee/People's Armed Forces Department, Jinan University, No.601 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, PR China.
Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Free Zone Hospital, 36 Gongye 7th Road, Shekou, Shenzhen 518067, Guangdong, PR China.
Int J Clin Health Psychol. 2024 Jan-Mar;24(1):100431. doi: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2023.100431. Epub 2024 Jan 12.
Mental disorders are considered to be the main reason for the increase of the disease burden. College students seem to be more vulnerable to the adverse effects of stress, which makes them more at risk of suffering from mental disorders. This umbrella review aimed to evaluate the credibility of published evidence regarding the effects of interventions on mental disorders among university students.
To identify systematic reviews and meta-analyses investigating the effects of interventions on mental disorders in the university student population, extensive searches were carried out in databases including PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Database, spanning from inception to July 21, 2023. Subsequently, a thorough reanalysis of crucial parameters such as summary effect estimates, 95 % confidence intervals, heterogeneity statistic, 95 % prediction intervals, small-study effects, and excess significance bias was performed for each meta-analysis found.
Nineteen articles involving 74 meta-analyses were included. Our grading of the current evidence showed that interventions based on exercise, Cognitive-behavioural Intervention (CBI), mindfulness-based interventions (MBI), and other interventions like mood and anxiety interventions (MAI) were effective whereas exercise intervention had the highest effect size for both depression and anxiety among university students. However, the credibility of the evidence was weak for most studies. Besides, suggestive evidence was observed for the positive effects of CBI on sleep disturbance(SMD: -0.603, 95 % CI: -0.916, -0.290; P-random effects<0.01) and MAI on anxiety (Hedges'g = -0.198, 95 % CI: -0.302, -0.094; P-random effects<0.01).
Based on our findings, it appears that exercise interventions, CBI, and MAI have the potential to alleviate symptoms related to mental disorders. Despite the overall weak credibility of the evidence and the strength of the associations, these interventions offer a promising avenue for further exploration and research in the future. More high-quality randomized controlled trials should be taken into account to verify the effects of these interventions on various mental disorders.
精神障碍被认为是疾病负担增加的主要原因。大学生似乎更容易受到压力的不利影响，这使他们患精神障碍的风险更高。本伞状综述旨在评估已发表的关于干预措施对大学生精神障碍影响的证据的可信度。
为了识别调查干预措施对大学生精神障碍影响的系统评价和荟萃分析，我们在包括PubMed、Embase和Cochrane数据库在内的数据库中进行了广泛检索，检索时间跨度从建库至2023年7月21日。随后，对找到的每项荟萃分析的关键参数进行了深入重新分析，如汇总效应估计值、95%置信区间、异质性统计量、95%预测区间、小研究效应和过度显著性偏差。
纳入了19篇涉及74项荟萃分析的文章。我们对现有证据的分级表明，基于运动、认知行为干预（CBI）、正念干预（MBI）以及其他干预措施如情绪和焦虑干预（MAI）是有效的，而运动干预对大学生抑郁和焦虑的效应量最高。然而，大多数研究的证据可信度较低。此外，观察到有提示性证据表明CBI对睡眠障碍有积极影响（标准化均数差：-0.603，95%置信区间：-0.916，-0.290；随机效应P<0.01），MAI对焦虑有积极影响（Hedges'g=-0.198，95%置信区间：-0.302，-0.094；随机效应P<0.01）。
根据我们的研究结果，运动干预、CBI和MAI似乎有可能缓解与精神障碍相关的症状。尽管证据的总体可信度较低且关联强度有限，但这些干预措施为未来的进一步探索和研究提供了一个有前景的途径。应考虑开展更多高质量的随机对照试验，以验证这些干预措施对各种精神障碍的影响。
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