Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Biomedicine and Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Clinical Neuroscience Research Unit, Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, Connecticut.
Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging. 2024 May;9(5):472-489. doi: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.01.007. Epub 2024 Feb 1.
Psychedelic compounds, including psilocybin, LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide), DMT (N,N -dimethyltryptamine), and 5-MeO-DMT (5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine), all of which are serotonin 2A receptor agonists, are being investigated as potential treatments. This review aims to summarize the current clinical research on these 4 compounds and mescaline to guide future research. Their mechanism(s) of action, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, efficacy, and safety were reviewed. While evidence for therapeutic indications, with the exception of psilocybin for depression, is still relatively scarce, we noted no differences in psychedelic effects beyond effect duration. Therefore, it remains unclear whether different receptor profiles contribute to the therapeutic potential of these compounds. More research is needed to differentiate these compounds in order to inform which compounds might be best for different therapeutic uses.
致幻化合物，包括裸盖菇素、LSD（麦角酸二乙酰胺）、DMT（N，N-二甲基色胺）和 5-MeO-DMT（5-甲氧基-N，N-二甲基色胺），它们都是血清素 2A 受体激动剂，都被作为潜在的治疗方法进行研究。本综述旨在总结这 4 种化合物和三甲氧苯乙胺的当前临床研究，以指导未来的研究。综述了它们的作用机制、药代动力学、药效学、疗效和安全性。虽然除了裸盖菇素治疗抑郁症外，其他治疗适应症的证据仍然相对匮乏，但我们注意到除了作用持续时间外，致幻效果没有差异。因此，尚不清楚不同的受体特征是否有助于这些化合物的治疗潜力。为了区分这些化合物，以确定哪些化合物可能最适合不同的治疗用途，还需要更多的研究。
