伊朗护士性骚扰量表的编制与验证
Development and validation of the nurses sexual harassment scale in Iran.
作者信息
Zeighami Maryam, Malakoutikhah Alireza, Shahrbabaki Parvin Mangolian, Al-Oliamat Kamlah, Dehghan Mahlagha
机构信息
Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Islamic Azad University, Kerman Branch, Kerman, Iran.
Nursing Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
出版信息
BMC Nurs. 2024 Feb 8;23(1):107. doi: 10.1186/s12912-024-01759-6.
INTRODUCTION
In recent years, the prevalence of sexual harassment has become a global problem, and nursing, like other professions, has not been immune to this issue. By having a valid and reliable instrument, healthcare personnel can be helped in preventing and managing this problem and reduce its negative consequences on mental health and well-being. The aim of this study was developing and psychometrically measuring the Nurses Sexual Harassment Scale.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This study is the second phase of a mixed method study. Initially in the first phase, a qualitative approach with conventional content analysis was used to explain nurses' experiences of sexual harassment in the workplace. To design the Nurses Sexual Harassment Scale, qualitative data and literature were reviewed. In the quantitative phase (second phase), the target scale was psychometrically evaluated using content validity (14 experts), face validity (12 nurses with being sexually harassed), construct validity (316 nurses working in hospitals affiliated to Kerman University of Medical Sciences), and reliability (internal consistency and repeatability).
RESULTS
A 15-item scale with two components: "latent sexual harassment" (9 items) and "manifest sexual harassment" (6 items), which explained 68.4% of the total variance was developed. Also, due to the strong correlation between the Nurses Sexual Harassment Scale and the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (r = 0.67), convergent validity was confirmed. Also, the scale of the present study had good reliability (Cronbach's alpha coefficient = 0.94, Omega coefficient = 0.94, and ICC = 0.92).
CONCLUSION
Given the importance of sexual harassment among nurses, measuring the dimensions of this problem may allow professionals to plan interventions to prevent it. Overall, the results of the present study showed that the psychometric properties of the " Nurses Sexual Harassment Scale" with 15 items are acceptable and this scale can be used in the clinical environment. A further study within the nursing community is recommended to confirm the findings.
引言
近年来，性骚扰的盛行已成为一个全球性问题，护理行业与其他职业一样，也未能幸免于此。拥有一个有效且可靠的工具，有助于医护人员预防和处理这一问题，并减少其对心理健康和幸福的负面影响。本研究的目的是开发并对护士性骚扰量表进行心理测量。
材料与方法
本研究是一项混合方法研究的第二阶段。最初在第一阶段，采用传统内容分析法的定性方法来解释护士在工作场所的性骚扰经历。为设计护士性骚扰量表，对定性数据和文献进行了综述。在定量阶段（第二阶段），使用内容效度（14名专家）、表面效度（12名曾遭受性骚扰的护士）、结构效度（316名在克尔曼医科大学附属医院工作的护士）和信度（内部一致性和重复性）对目标量表进行了心理测量评估。
结果
开发出了一个包含15个条目的量表，有两个分量表：“潜在性骚扰”（9个条目）和“明显性骚扰”（6个条目），该量表解释了总方差的68.4%。此外，由于护士性骚扰量表与事件影响量表修订版之间存在强相关性（r = 0.67），因此证实了收敛效度。同时，本研究的量表具有良好的信度（克朗巴赫α系数 = 0.94，欧米伽系数 = 0.94，组内相关系数 = 0.92）。
结论
鉴于护士中性骚扰问题的重要性，测量这一问题的维度可能使专业人员能够规划预防干预措施。总体而言，本研究结果表明，15个条目的“护士性骚扰量表”的心理测量特性是可接受的，该量表可用于临床环境。建议在护理群体中进行进一步研究以证实这些发现。
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