School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Jan 29;25(3):1641. doi: 10.3390/ijms25031641.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder with a complicated etiology and pathogenesis. α-Synuclein aggregation, dopaminergic (DA) neuron loss, mitochondrial injury, oxidative stress, and inflammation are involved in the process of PD. Neuroinflammation has been recognized as a key element in the initiation and progression of PD. In this review, we summarize the inflammatory response and pathogenic mechanisms of PD. Additionally, we describe the potential anti-inflammatory therapies, including nod-like receptor pyrin domain containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome inhibition, nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) inhibition, microglia inhibition, astrocyte inhibition, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase inhibition, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonist, targeting the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, targeting the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent pathway, targeting α-synuclein, targeting miRNA, acupuncture, and exercise. The review focuses on inflammation and will help in designing new prevention strategies for PD.
帕金森病（PD）是一种常见的神经退行性疾病，其病因和发病机制复杂。α-突触核蛋白聚集、多巴胺（DA）神经元丢失、线粒体损伤、氧化应激和炎症参与了 PD 的发生发展过程。神经炎症已被认为是 PD 发生和进展的关键因素。在这篇综述中，我们总结了 PD 的炎症反应和发病机制。此外，我们还描述了潜在的抗炎治疗方法，包括 NOD 样受体含pyrin 结构域蛋白 3（NLRP3）炎性小体抑制、核因子κB（NF-κB）抑制、小胶质细胞抑制、星形胶质细胞抑制、烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸（NADPH）氧化酶抑制、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ（PPARγ）激动剂、靶向丝裂原激活蛋白激酶（MAPK）通路、靶向腺苷单磷酸激活蛋白激酶（AMPK）依赖性通路、靶向α-突触核蛋白、靶向 miRNA、针刺和运动。该综述重点关注炎症，并将有助于设计 PD 的新预防策略。
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