Fernández-Bravo Sergio, Betancor Diana, Cuesta-Herranz Javier, Rodríguez Del Río Pablo, Ibañez-Sandín María Dolores, Nuñez-Borque Emilio, Esteban Vanesa
Department of Allergy and Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM, Madrid, Spain.
Allergy Department, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain.
Front Allergy. 2024 Feb 7;5:1307880. doi: 10.3389/falgy.2024.1307880. eCollection 2024.
Anaphylaxis is the most severe manifestation of allergic disorders. Currently, an increasing number of cells, pathways and molecules involved in the etiopathogenesis of anaphylaxis are being discovered. However, there are no conclusive biomarkers to confirm its diagnosis. Small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) are 18-200 nucleotide molecules that can be divided into: microRNAs (miRNAs), Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), transference RNA derived fragments (tRFs) and YRNA derived fragments (YRFs). These molecules participate in cell-cell communication modulating various physiological processes and have been postulated as non-invasive biomarkers of several pathologies. Therefore, in this study we characterized the serum circulating profile of other sncRNA beyond miRNAs in two populations of 5 adults and 5 children with drug- and food-mediated anaphylaxis, respectively.
Samples were obtained from each patient under two different conditions: during anaphylaxis and 14 days after the reaction (control). The sncRNA analysis was carried out by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS).
A total of 671 sncRNAs (3 piRNAs, 74 snoRNAs, 54 snRNAs, 348 tRFs and 192 YRFs) were identified in adults with drug-induced anaphylaxis, while 612 sncRNAs (2 piRNAs, 73 snoRNAs, 52 snRNAs, 321 tRFs and 164 YRFs) were characterized in children with food-mediated anaphylaxis. However, only 33 (1 piRNA, 4 snoRNAs, 1 snRNAs, 7 tRFs and 20 YRFs) and 80 (4 snoRNAs, 6 snRNAs, 54 tRFs and 16 YRFs) of them were statistically different between both conditions, respectively. Among them, only three (Y_RNA.394, Y_RNA.781 and SCARNA2) were common to both adults and children analysis.
This study provides a differential profile of circulating serum sncRNAs beyond miRNAs in patients with anaphylaxis, postulating them as candidate biomarkers for this pathological event and as novel mediators of the reaction.
过敏反应是过敏性疾病最严重的表现形式。目前，越来越多参与过敏反应发病机制的细胞、信号通路和分子被发现。然而，尚无确凿的生物标志物来确诊过敏反应。小非编码RNA（sncRNA）是由18至200个核苷酸组成的分子，可分为：微小RNA（miRNA）、Piwi相互作用RNA（piRNA）、小核仁RNA（snoRNA）、小核RNA（snRNA）、转运RNA衍生片段（tRF）和YRNA衍生片段（YRF）。这些分子参与细胞间通讯，调节各种生理过程，并被认为是多种疾病的非侵入性生物标志物。因此，在本研究中，我们分别对5名成人和5名儿童药物及食物介导的过敏反应患者群体中除miRNA之外的其他sncRNA的血清循环谱进行了特征分析。
在两种不同情况下从每位患者获取样本：过敏反应期间和反应后14天（对照）。通过下一代测序（NGS）进行sncRNA分析。
在药物诱导的过敏反应成人患者中总共鉴定出671种sncRNA（3种piRNA、74种snoRNA、54种snRNA、348种tRF和192种YRF），而在食物介导的过敏反应儿童患者中鉴定出612种sncRNA（2种piRNA、73种snoRNA、52种snRNA, 321种tRF和164种YRF）。然而，其中分别只有33种（1种piRNA、4种snoRNA、1种snRNA、7种tRF和20种YRF）和80种（4种snoRNA、6种snRNA、54种tRF和16种YRF）在两种情况下存在统计学差异。其中，只有三种（Y_RNA.394、Y_RNA.781和SCARNA2）在成人和儿童分析中均有出现。
本研究提供了过敏反应患者中除miRNA之外的循环血清sncRNA的差异谱，将它们假定为这一病理事件的候选生物标志物以及反应的新型介质。
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