埃及开罗孕妇二手烟暴露的流行情况及其影响因素。
Prevalence and factors associated with second hand smoke exposure among a sample of pregnant women in Cairo, Egypt.
机构信息
Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Department of Medicine, UConn Health School of Medicine, Connecticut, USA.
出版信息
BMC Womens Health. 2024 Feb 26;24(1):145. doi: 10.1186/s12905-023-02821-2.
PURPOSE
This study estimated the prevalence of and factors associated with secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure, and assessed attitudes and knowledge about SHS among pregnant women in Cairo, Egypt.
METHODS
Pregnant women in the third trimester were recruited to participate in a survey assessing tobacco smoking and SHS exposure during their current pregnancy. Participants were recruited from three antenatal clinics in Cairo, Egypt, from June 2015 to May 2016. We examined differences in sociodemographic characteristics and SHS exposure, attitudes, and knowledge by smoking/SHS status. We used multivariable ordinary least squares regression to examine the association between husbands' smoking and pregnant women's mean daily hours of SHS exposure, adjusting for women's smoking status, age group, education, and urban (vs. suburban/rural) residence.
RESULTS
Of two hundred pregnant women aged 16-37 years, about two-thirds (69%) had a husband who smoked tobacco. During their current pregnancy, most women reported being non-smokers (71%), and 38% of non-smokers reported being SHS-exposed. Non-smokers exposed to SHS tended to live in more rural areas and have husbands who smoked in the home. In adjusted analyses, having a husband who smoked was significantly associated with a greater mean number of hours of SHS exposure per day exposed, and this difference was driven by husbands who smoked in the home (p < 0.001). Women in the SHS-exposed group were less likely than other groups to agree that SHS exposure was harmful to their own or their future child's health; however, all groups agreed that SHS was harmful to newborn health.
CONCLUSION
Among our sample of pregnant women in Cairo, Egypt, there was a high rate of SHS exposure as well as misconceptions about the safety of SHS exposure to a developing fetus. Our findings suggest a need for targeted education and gender-sensitive messaging about SHS exposure, along with improved enforcement of existing tobacco control policies.
目的
本研究旨在估计埃及开罗孕妇二手烟（SHS）暴露的流行率及其相关因素，并评估孕妇对 SHS 的态度和认知。
方法
在本项研究中，招募了处于妊娠晚期的孕妇参与一项调查，以评估她们在当前妊娠期间的吸烟和 SHS 暴露情况。参与者是 2015 年 6 月至 2016 年 5 月期间从埃及开罗的三个产前诊所招募的。我们根据吸烟/ SHS 状况，比较了社会人口学特征和 SHS 暴露、态度和知识方面的差异。我们使用多元普通最小二乘法回归来检验丈夫吸烟与孕妇每日 SHS 暴露平均时间之间的关系，同时调整了妇女的吸烟状况、年龄组、教育程度和城市（与郊区/农村）居住状况。
结果
在 200 名年龄在 16-37 岁的孕妇中，约有三分之二（69%）的丈夫吸烟。在当前妊娠期间，大多数女性报告自己不吸烟（71%），其中 38%的不吸烟者报告自己接触过 SHS。接触 SHS 的不吸烟者往往居住在较农村地区，且家中有吸烟的丈夫。在调整分析中，丈夫吸烟与每天暴露的 SHS 平均时间显著相关，且这种差异是由家中吸烟的丈夫造成的（p<0.001）。与其他群体相比，暴露于 SHS 的女性不太可能认为 SHS 暴露对自己或未来孩子的健康有害；然而，所有群体都认为 SHS 对新生儿健康有害。
结论
在我们的埃及开罗孕妇样本中，SHS 暴露率很高，而且对 SHS 暴露对发育中胎儿的安全性存在误解。我们的研究结果表明，需要针对 SHS 暴露问题进行有针对性的教育和性别敏感的宣传，并加强对现有烟草控制政策的执行。
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