Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA.
USDA-ARS Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA, United States; Texas A&M AgriLife, Institute for Advancing Health Through Agriculture, College Station, TX, United States.
J Nutr. 2024 Apr;154(4):1449-1460. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.02.030. Epub 2024 Mar 1.
Higher diet quality has been associated with lower risk of developing inflammatory bowel disease, but associations between diet and gastrointestinal (GI) inflammation in healthy adults prior to disease onset are understudied.
The purpose of this project was to examine associations between reported dietary intake and markers of GI inflammation in a healthy adult human cohort.
In a cross-sectional observational trial of 358 healthy adults, participants completed ≤3 unannounced 24-h dietary recalls using the Automated Self-Administered Dietary Assessment Tool and a Block 2014 Food Frequency Questionnaire to assess recent and habitual intake, respectively. Those who provided a stool sample were included in this analysis. Inflammation markers from stool, including calprotectin, neopterin, and myeloperoxidase, were measured by ELISA along with LPS-binding protein from plasma.
Recent and habitual fiber intake was negatively correlated with fecal calprotectin concentrations (n = 295, P = 0.011, 0.009). Habitual soluble fiber intake was also negatively correlated with calprotectin (P = 0.01). Recent and habitual legume and vegetable intake was negatively correlated with calprotectin (P = 0.013, 0.026, 0.01, 0.009). We observed an inverse correlation between recent Healthy Eating Index (HEI) scores and calprotectin concentrations (n = 295, P = 0.026). Dietary Inflammatory Index scores were calculated and positively correlated with neopterin for recent intake (n = 289, P = 0.015). When participants with clinically elevated calprotectin were excluded, recent and habitual fiber, legume, vegetable, and fruit intake were negatively correlated with calprotectin (n = 253, P = 0.00001, 0.0002, 0.045, 0.001, 0.009, 0.001, 0.004, 0.014). Recent total HEI score was inversely correlated with subclinical calprotectin (P = 0.003).
Higher diet quality may be protective against GI inflammation even in healthy adults. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02367287.
较高的饮食质量与较低的炎症性肠病发病风险相关，但在疾病发病前，健康成年人的饮食与胃肠道（GI）炎症之间的关联仍研究不足。
本项目旨在研究健康成年人中报告的饮食摄入与 GI 炎症标志物之间的关系。
在一项对 358 名健康成年人的横断面观察性试验中，参与者使用自动自我管理膳食评估工具和 2014 年布洛克食物频率问卷完成了 ≤3 次不通知的 24 小时膳食回忆，分别评估近期和习惯性摄入。提供粪便样本的人纳入了本分析。通过酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）测量粪便中的炎症标志物，包括钙卫蛋白、新蝶呤和髓过氧化物酶，以及血浆中的脂多糖结合蛋白。
近期和习惯性纤维摄入与粪便钙卫蛋白浓度呈负相关（n = 295，P = 0.011，0.009）。习惯性可溶性纤维摄入也与钙卫蛋白呈负相关（P = 0.01）。近期和习惯性豆类和蔬菜摄入与钙卫蛋白呈负相关（P = 0.013，0.026，0.01，0.009）。我们观察到近期健康饮食指数（HEI）评分与钙卫蛋白浓度之间存在负相关（n = 295，P = 0.026）。计算了膳食炎症指数评分，并发现其与近期摄入的新蝶呤呈正相关（n = 289，P = 0.015）。当排除临床钙卫蛋白升高的参与者时，近期和习惯性纤维、豆类、蔬菜和水果摄入与钙卫蛋白呈负相关（n = 253，P = 0.00001，0.0002，0.045，0.001，0.009，0.001，0.004，0.014）。近期总 HEI 评分与亚临床钙卫蛋白呈负相关（P = 0.003）。
即使在健康成年人中，较高的饮食质量也可能对 GI 炎症具有保护作用。本试验在 clinicaltrials.gov 上注册为 NCT02367287。
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