Department of Otorhinolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Rhinology. 2024 Aug 1;62(4):386-393. doi: 10.4193/Rhin23.191.
while smell training appears to be effective for post viral smell loss, its effectiveness in COVID-19 induced smell loss is currently not well known. Therefore, we aim to investigate the potential effect of smell training on patients with COVID-19 induced smell loss.
we conducted a case-control study with two comparable cohorts. One of which (n=111) was instructed to perform smell training twice daily for 12 weeks, therapeutical adherence was monitored on a daily schedule, while the other cohort (n=50) did not perform smell training. The Sniffin' Sticks Test (SST) was used to objectify participants' sense of smell at baseline and after 12 weeks, reported as a Threshold, Discrimination, and Identification (TDI) score. We also determined the association between therapeutical adherence and the TDI scores.
we found a significant difference in psychophysical smell function between patients with COVID-19 induced smell disorders who performed 12 weeks of smell training and those who did not. Median TDI difference between groups was 2.00 However, there was no association between the therapeutical adherence and olfactory function.
we discovered a significant moderate difference in psychophysical smell function between patients with COVID-19-induced smell disorders who performed smell training and those who did not, implying a possible advantage of training. However, no relationship was found between therapeutical adherence of smell training and olfactory function.
虽然嗅觉训练似乎对病毒性嗅觉丧失有效，但它在 COVID-19 引起的嗅觉丧失中的有效性目前还不清楚。因此，我们旨在研究嗅觉训练对 COVID-19 引起的嗅觉丧失患者的潜在效果。
我们进行了一项病例对照研究，有两个可比的队列。其中一个（n=111）被指示每天进行两次嗅觉训练，为期 12 周，治疗依从性每天进行监测，而另一个队列（n=50）则不进行嗅觉训练。使用嗅觉测试（Sniffin' Sticks Test，SST）在基线和 12 周后客观评估参与者的嗅觉，结果表示为阈值、辨别和识别（TDI）分数。我们还确定了治疗依从性与 TDI 分数之间的关联。
我们发现，接受 12 周嗅觉训练的 COVID-19 引起嗅觉障碍患者和未接受嗅觉训练的患者之间的心理物理嗅觉功能存在显著差异。组间 TDI 差异中位数为 2.00。然而，治疗依从性与嗅觉功能之间没有关联。
我们发现，接受嗅觉训练的 COVID-19 引起嗅觉障碍患者和未接受嗅觉训练的患者之间的心理物理嗅觉功能存在显著的中等差异，这表明训练可能有优势。然而，嗅觉训练的治疗依从性与嗅觉功能之间没有关系。
