Sinha Vishakha, Shrivastava Shobha
Department of Zoology, Patna University, Patna, Bihar 800005 India.
Indian J Microbiol. 2024 Mar;64(1):48-58. doi: 10.1007/s12088-023-01153-x. Epub 2023 Dec 10.
Pesticides are substance that are used to manage pests, such as aquatic weeds, plant diseases and insects. It has been shown that these substances are highly hazardous to fish as well as other organisms that are part of the food chain. The presence of cypermethrin in food and groundwater has raised environmental concerns, there is a need to develop economical, rapid, and reliable techniques that can be used for field applications Many studies have shown that Cypermethrin (CYP) can cause toxic effect in various animals including fishes. But the molecular mechanism behind the toxicity mediated Cypermethrin (CYP) at genome levels and proteome levels is still need to be studied. However, there is a gap in emerging and undeveloped nations to begin to use these methods and several other recently developed approaches to inhibit the negative consequences and enhance health which may be profitable. The toxicological information currently available might be used to gain a clear understanding of the possibilities of these synthetic pyrethroid insecticides causing various health hazards to environmental and provides insight for future research evaluating the toxic effects of pyrethroid insecticides. This present review article is concerned with the toxicological effects of pesticides and a brief overview of sources, classification of pesticides with an emphasis on the effects of Cypermethrin (CYP) on fish as well mode of toxicity and the mechanism of action (CYP) and toxicity signs in several fish species have been illustrated. The primary controls and appropriate preventive measures that must be adopted are also discussed.
农药是用于防治害虫的物质,如防治水草、植物病害和昆虫。已表明这些物质对鱼类以及食物链中的其他生物具有高度危害性。氯氰菊酯在食物和地下水中的存在引发了环境问题,因此需要开发可用于现场应用的经济、快速且可靠的技术。许多研究表明,氯氰菊酯(CYP)可对包括鱼类在内的各种动物产生毒性作用。但氯氰菊酯(CYP)在基因组水平和蛋白质组水平介导毒性的分子机制仍有待研究。然而,新兴国家和不发达国家在开始使用这些方法以及其他一些最近开发的方法来抑制负面影响并促进健康方面存在差距,而这可能是有益的。目前可用的毒理学信息可用于清楚了解这些合成拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂对环境造成各种健康危害的可能性,并为未来评估拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂毒性作用的研究提供见解。本综述文章关注农药的毒理学效应,简要概述了农药的来源、分类,重点阐述了氯氰菊酯(CYP)对鱼类的影响、毒性模式以及作用机制,还举例说明了几种鱼类的毒性体征。此外,还讨论了必须采取的主要控制措施和适当的预防措施。