College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
College of Animal Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
Poult Sci. 2024 May;103(5):103600. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103600. Epub 2024 Feb 28.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of microencapsulated essential oils (MEO) on the laying performance, egg quality, immunity, intestinal morphology, and oxidative status of laying hens. A total of 640 Hy-line Brown laying hens, 41 wk of age, were randomly divided into 4 groups, each with 8 replicates containing 20 birds per replicate. The dietary conditions tested included a basal diet (Control) or the basal diet supplemented with various levels of MEO at 100 mg/kg (MEO100), 300 mg/kg (MEO300), and 500 mg/kg (MEO500). The three treatment groups were intermittently fed MEO, following an alternating schedule of 1 wk on and 1 wk off for a total of 56 d. Results showed that feeding MEO at levels of 300 and 500 mg/kg improved both egg production and feed conversion ratios compared to the control group. Hens consumed MEO-supplemented diets exhibited a significant decrease in the breaking egg ratio (P < 0.05) compared to those fed the control diet. Shell thickness and Haugh unit values significantly increased in the groups receiving 300 and 500 mg/kg of MEO (P < 0.05). Both the MEO300 and MEO500 treatments led to improvements in immunoglobulin (IgA, IgM, and IgG) and cytokine (IL-2 and IFN-γ) levels in serum. Hens in the MEO300 and MEO500 groups exhibited higher values for parameters related to intestinal morphometry compared to the control group. Furthermore, supplementation with 300 and 500 mg/kg of MEO enhanced the antioxidant capacity of plasma, as evidenced by increased activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), and catalase (CAT) (P < 0.05). In summary, the intermittent feeding of MEO improved egg production, enhanced antioxidative processes, immune functions, and intestinal morphology, leading to an amelioration in the egg quality of laying hens. Our data demonstrate that supplementation of 300 mg/kg of MEO in feed can significantly improve animal health and egg quality. Implementation of these feeding practices could have a positive economic impact on poultry and egg industry.
本研究旨在评估微胶囊精油（MEO）对产蛋性能、蛋品质、免疫、肠道形态和产蛋鸡氧化状态的影响。将 640 只 41 周龄的海兰褐蛋鸡随机分为 4 组，每组 8 个重复，每个重复 20 只鸡。试验的日粮条件包括基础日粮（对照）或基础日粮中添加 100mg/kg（MEO100）、300mg/kg（MEO300）和 500mg/kg（MEO500）的 MEO。3 个处理组间歇饲喂 MEO，1 周饲喂，1 周停喂，共 56d。结果表明，与对照组相比，饲喂 300 和 500mg/kg MEO 水平均提高了产蛋率和饲料转化率。与对照组相比，采食添加 MEO 日粮的母鸡破蛋率显著降低（P<0.05）。壳厚和哈夫单位值在添加 300 和 500mg/kg MEO 的组中显著增加（P<0.05）。MEO300 和 MEO500 处理均提高了血清中免疫球蛋白（IgA、IgM 和 IgG）和细胞因子（IL-2 和 IFN-γ）水平。与对照组相比，MEO300 和 MEO500 组的母鸡肠道形态学相关参数值较高。此外，添加 300 和 500mg/kg MEO 增强了血浆的抗氧化能力，表现为谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）、总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性增加（P<0.05）。综上所述，间歇饲喂 MEO 提高了产蛋率，增强了抗氧化过程、免疫功能和肠道形态，改善了产蛋鸡的蛋品质。我们的数据表明，在饲料中添加 300mg/kg 的 MEO 可以显著改善动物健康和蛋品质。实施这些饲养措施可能会对家禽和蛋鸡产业产生积极的经济影响。
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