Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2024 Mar 22;9(1):61. doi: 10.1038/s41392-024-01764-w.
Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β is a multifunctional cytokine expressed by almost every tissue and cell type. The signal transduction of TGF-β can stimulate diverse cellular responses and is particularly critical to embryonic development, wound healing, tissue homeostasis, and immune homeostasis in health. The dysfunction of TGF-β can play key roles in many diseases, and numerous targeted therapies have been developed to rectify its pathogenic activity. In the past decades, a large number of studies on TGF-β signaling have been carried out, covering a broad spectrum of topics in health, disease, and therapeutics. Thus, a comprehensive overview of TGF-β signaling is required for a general picture of the studies in this field. In this review, we retrace the research history of TGF-β and introduce the molecular mechanisms regarding its biosynthesis, activation, and signal transduction. We also provide deep insights into the functions of TGF-β signaling in physiological conditions as well as in pathological processes. TGF-β-targeting therapies which have brought fresh hope to the treatment of relevant diseases are highlighted. Through the summary of previous knowledge and recent updates, this review aims to provide a systematic understanding of TGF-β signaling and to attract more attention and interest to this research area.
转化生长因子-β（TGF-β）是一种多功能细胞因子，几乎存在于所有组织和细胞类型中。TGF-β 的信号转导可以刺激多种细胞反应，对胚胎发育、伤口愈合、组织内稳态和健康状态下的免疫内稳态尤其重要。TGF-β 的功能障碍在许多疾病中起着关键作用，已经开发了许多靶向治疗方法来纠正其致病活性。在过去的几十年中，已经进行了大量关于 TGF-β 信号转导的研究，涵盖了健康、疾病和治疗学等广泛领域的课题。因此，需要对 TGF-β 信号转导进行全面概述，以了解该领域研究的全貌。在这篇综述中，我们追溯了 TGF-β 的研究历史，并介绍了其生物合成、激活和信号转导的分子机制。我们还深入探讨了 TGF-β 信号在生理条件和病理过程中的功能。我们强调了针对 TGF-β 的靶向治疗为相关疾病的治疗带来了新的希望。通过总结以前的知识和最近的更新，本综述旨在提供对 TGF-β 信号转导的系统理解，并吸引更多对该研究领域的关注和兴趣。
