威斯康星州医疗补助受益人群中产前处方类阿片使用趋势，2010-2019 年。
Trends in prenatal prescription opioid use among Medicaid beneficiaries in Wisconsin, 2010-2019.
机构信息
Department of Biobehavioral Health, College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Social Science Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
出版信息
J Perinatol. 2024 Aug;44(8):1111-1118. doi: 10.1038/s41372-024-01954-y. Epub 2024 Apr 1.
OBJECTIVE
To examine changes in prenatal opioid prescription exposure following new guidelines and policies.
STUDY DESIGN
Cohort study of all (262,284) Wisconsin Medicaid-insured live births 2010-2019. Prenatal exposures were classified as analgesic, short term, and chronic (90+ days), and medications used to treat opioid use disorder (MOUD). We describe overall and stratified temporal trends and used linear probability models with interaction terms to test their significance.
RESULT
We found 42,437 (16.2%) infants with prenatal exposure; most (90.5%) reflected analgesic opioids. From 2010 to 2019, overall exposure declined 12.8 percentage points (95% CI = 12.1-13.1). Reductions were observed across maternal demographic groups and in both rural and urban settings, though the extent varied. There was a small reduction in chronic analgesic exposure and a concurrent increase in MOUD.
CONCLUSION
Broad and sustained declines in prenatal prescription opioid exposure occurred over the decade, with little change in the percentage of infants chronically exposed.
目的
研究新指南和政策出台后产前阿片类药物处方暴露情况的变化。
研究设计
对 2010 年至 2019 年间所有（262284 名）威斯康星州医疗补助保险活产儿进行的队列研究。产前暴露分为镇痛、短期和慢性（90 天以上），以及用于治疗阿片类药物使用障碍的药物（MOUD）。我们描述了总体和分层的时间趋势，并使用具有交互项的线性概率模型来检验其显著性。
结果
我们发现有 42437 名（16.2%）婴儿有产前暴露；其中大多数（90.5%）反映了阿片类镇痛药。2010 年至 2019 年，总体暴露下降了 12.8 个百分点（95%CI=12.1-13.1）。在孕产妇人口统计学群体和农村及城市环境中均观察到减少，但程度不同。慢性镇痛药物暴露略有减少，同时 MOUD 增加。
结论
在过去十年中，产前处方类阿片类药物暴露广泛且持续下降，慢性暴露的婴儿比例几乎没有变化。
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