Sawicka Beata, Sulewska Anetta, Kulczyńska-Przybik Agnieszka, Bossowski Filip, Dulewicz Maciej, Borysewicz-Sańczyk Hanna, Mroczko Barbara, Nikliński Jacek, Bossowski Artur
Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology, with Cardiology Divisions, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland.
Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland.
Biomedicines. 2024 Mar 25;12(4):731. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12040731.
Many epigenetic factors, including microRNAs, are involved in the process of changing gene expressions. Small non-coding RNA molecules, called miRNAs, are responsible for regulating gene translation by silencing or degrading target mRNAs. It is acknowledged that for many diseases, they may be novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases are more likely to develop nodules in the thyroid tissue, and Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Graves' disease predispose patients to thyroid cancer. We evaluated the concentrations of microRNA molecules (miR-15a-5p, miR-126-3p, miR-142-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-150-5p) in the blood of children with thyroid disorders. In addition, we wished to identify molecules whose change in concentration predisposes to the development of thyroid cancer.
The aim of this study is to evaluate selected epigenetic elements by analyzing the levels of miR-15a-5p, miR-126-3p, miR-142-5p, miR-150-5p and miR-21-5p in the blood of pediatric patients with Graves' disease ( = 25), Hashimoto's thyroiditis ( = 26) and thyroid nodular disease ( = 20) compared to a control group of healthy children ( = 17).
The study consists of groups of children and adolescents aged 10-18 years with autoimmune thyroid disease, with thyroid nodular disease compared to a control group. The miR-15a-5p, miR-126-3p, miR-142-5p, miR-21-5p and miR-150-5p molecules were determined through an immunoenzymatic assay using BioVendor reagents.
There is a statistically significant decrease in the expression of the miR-15a-5p in children with Graves' disease (21.61 vs. 50.22 amol/μL, = 0.03) and in patients with thyroid nodular disease compared to controls (20.23 vs. 50.22 amol/μL, = 0.04). Higher levels of the miR-142-5p molecule are found in patients with thyroid disease (with GD-3.8 vs. 3.14 amol/μL, = 0.01; with HT-3.7 vs. 3.14 amol/μL, = NS, with thyroid nodular disease-4.16 vs. 3.14 amol/μL, = 0.04). Lower levels of miR-126-3p were noted in the GD group compared to the control group (7.09 vs. 7.24 amol/μL, = 0.02). No statistically significant changes in the expressions of miR-150-5p and miR-21-5p molecules were observed in the study groups.
许多表观遗传因素，包括微小RNA，都参与基因表达的改变过程。被称为miRNA的小型非编码RNA分子，通过使靶mRNA沉默或降解来调控基因翻译。众所周知，对于许多疾病而言，它们可能是新型的诊断和预后生物标志物。自身免疫性甲状腺疾病患者更易在甲状腺组织中形成结节，桥本甲状腺炎和格雷夫斯病使患者易患甲状腺癌。我们评估了甲状腺疾病患儿血液中微小RNA分子（miR - 15a - 5p、miR - 126 - 3p、miR - 142 - 5p、miR - 21 - 5p、miR - 150 - 5p）的浓度。此外，我们希望鉴定出浓度变化易引发甲状腺癌的分子。
本研究的目的是通过分析格雷夫斯病（n = 25）、桥本甲状腺炎（n = 26）和甲状腺结节疾病（n = 20）患儿血液中miR - 15a - 5p、miR - 126 - 3p、miR - 142 - 5p、miR - 150 - 5p和miR - 21 - 5p的水平，来评估选定的表观遗传元件，与健康儿童对照组（n = 17）进行比较。
该研究包括10 - 18岁患有自身免疫性甲状腺疾病、甲状腺结节疾病的儿童和青少年组，并与对照组进行比较。使用BioVendor试剂通过免疫酶测定法测定miR - 15a - 5p、miR - 126 - 3p、miR - 142 - 5p、miR - 21 - 5p和miR - 150 - 5p分子。
与对照组相比，格雷夫斯病患儿（21.61对50.22 amol/μL，p = 0.03）以及甲状腺结节疾病患者中miR - 15a - 5p的表达有统计学意义的降低（20.23对50.22 amol/μL，p = 0.04）。甲状腺疾病患者中发现miR - 142 - 5p分子水平较高（格雷夫斯病 - 3.8对3.14 amol/μL，p = 0.01；桥本甲状腺炎 - 3.7对3.14 amol/μL，p = 无统计学意义，甲状腺结节疾病 - 4.16对3.14 amol/μL，p = 0.04）。与对照组相比，格雷夫斯病组中miR - 126 - 3p水平较低（7.09对7.24 amol/μL，p = 0.02）。在研究组中未观察到miR - 150 - 5p和miR - 21 - 5p分子表达的统计学显著变化。
（注：原文中部分“ = ”应是“p = ”的误写，翻译时按照正确理解进行了翻译。）
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