University of Guelph, ON, Canada.
Trauma Violence Abuse. 2024 Dec;25(5):3457-3472. doi: 10.1177/15248380241248411. Epub 2024 May 9.
Justice after sexual assault is often understood and enacted through the criminal legal system such that the outcomes are binary (i.e., justice is achieved or not achieved). Previous research indicates that survivors have specific wants and needs following an assault in order to experience justice, which may or may not align with current practices. We conducted a critical interpretive synthesis of 5 databases to create a sampling frame of 4,203 records; the final analysis included 81 articles, book chapters, and policy documents. Results indicate that justice is an individualized and dynamic process which may include the experience of voice, connectedness, participating in a process, accountability, and prevention. The experiences of safety and control are central to each of these domains. Survivors may seek and enact these justice domains through several avenues, including the criminal justice and legal systems, restorative justice, medical/mental health spaces, activism, art, and social media. Existing actors within currently available justice systems, including legal, medical, and mental health personnel should encourage survivors to identify and define their own experience of justice, including locating helpful behaviors rooted in safety and control, and resist a binary model of justice. Extant systems should therefore be flexible and accessible to help survivors realize their preferred modes of justice.
性侵犯后的司法通常通过刑事法律体系来理解和执行，其结果是二元的（即，是否实现了正义）。先前的研究表明，幸存者在遭受侵犯后有特定的诉求和需求，以便体验正义，而这些诉求和需求可能与当前的实践相一致，也可能不一致。我们对 5 个数据库进行了批判性解释性综合分析，创建了一个包含 4203 条记录的抽样框架；最终分析包括 81 篇文章、章节和政策文件。结果表明，正义是一个个体化和动态的过程，可能包括表达意见、联系、参与过程、问责制和预防。安全和控制的体验是这些领域的核心。幸存者可以通过多种途径寻求和实施这些正义领域，包括刑事司法和法律系统、恢复性司法、医疗/心理健康领域、行动主义、艺术和社交媒体。现有司法系统中的现有行为者，包括法律、医疗和心理健康人员，应鼓励幸存者确定并定义自己对正义的体验，包括找到以安全和控制为基础的有帮助的行为，并抵制正义的二元模式。因此，现有系统应该灵活且易于访问，以帮助幸存者实现他们喜欢的正义模式。
