Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
J Crohns Colitis. 2024 Oct 15;18(10):1726-1735. doi: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjae071.
Inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] patients are at increased risk of developing colorectal neoplasia [CRN]. In this review, we aim to provide an up-to-date overview and future perspectives on CRN management in IBD. Advances in endoscopic surveillance and resection techniques have resulted in a shift towards endoscopic management of neoplastic lesions in place of surgery. Endoscopic treatment is recommended for all CRN if complete resection is feasible. Standard [cold snare] polypectomy, endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection should be performed depending on lesion complexity [size, delineation, morphology, surface architecture, submucosal fibrosis/invasion] to maximise the likelihood of complete resection. If complete resection is not feasible, surgical treatment options should be discussed by a multidisciplinary team. Whereas [sub]total and proctocolectomy play an important role in management of endoscopically unresectable CRN, partial colectomy may be considered in a subgroup of patients in endoscopic remission with limited disease extent without other CRN risk factors. High synchronous and metachronous CRN rates warrant careful mucosal visualisation with shortened intervals for at least 5 years after treatment of CRN.
炎症性肠病 [IBD] 患者发生结直肠肿瘤 [CRN] 的风险增加。在这篇综述中,我们旨在提供 IBD 中 CRN 管理的最新概述和未来展望。内镜监测和切除术技术的进步使得结直肠肿瘤的内镜管理取代了手术。如果可行,应推荐对所有 CRN 进行内镜治疗。应根据病变复杂性 [大小、界限、形态、表面结构、黏膜下纤维化/浸润] 进行标准 [冷圈套] 息肉切除术、内镜黏膜切除术和内镜黏膜下剥离术,以最大程度提高完全切除的可能性。如果无法完全切除,则应由多学科团队讨论手术治疗选择。虽然 [次] 全结肠切除和结肠直肠切除术在无法内镜切除的 CRN 的治疗中发挥着重要作用,但对于内镜缓解且疾病范围有限且无其他 CRN 危险因素的亚组患者,可以考虑部分结肠切除术。高同步和异时性 CRN 发生率需要在治疗 CRN 后至少 5 年内密切观察黏膜,缩短间隔。