Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Centre for Mental Health, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 May 18;25(10):5516. doi: 10.3390/ijms25105516.
Disordered eating behavior differs between the restricting subtype (AN-R) and the binging and purging subtype (AN-BP) of anorexia nervosa (AN). Yet, little is known about how these differences impact fatty acid (FA) dysregulation in AN. To address this question, we analyzed 26 FAs and 7 FA lipogenic enzymes (4 desaturases and 3 elongases) in 96 women: 25 AN-R, 25 AN-BP, and 46 healthy control women. Our goal was to assess subtype-specific patterns. Lauric acid was significantly higher in AN-BP than in AN-R at the fasting timepoint ( = 0.038) and displayed significantly different postprandial changes 2 h after eating. AN-R displayed significantly higher levels of n-3 alpha-linolenic acid, stearidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid, and n-6 linoleic acid and gamma-linolenic acid compared to controls. AN-BP showed elevated EPA and saturated lauric acid compared to controls. Higher EPA was associated with elevated anxiety in AN-R ( = 0.035) but was linked to lower anxiety in AN-BP ( = 0.043). These findings suggest distinct disordered eating behaviors in AN subtypes contribute to lipid dysregulation and eating disorder comorbidities. A personalized dietary intervention may improve lipid dysregulation and enhance treatment effectiveness for AN.
进食障碍行为在限制型（AN-R）和暴食清除型（AN-BP）厌食症（AN）之间存在差异。然而，人们对这些差异如何影响 AN 中的脂肪酸（FA）失调知之甚少。为了解决这个问题，我们分析了 96 名女性中的 26 种脂肪酸和 7 种 FA 生脂酶（4 种去饱和酶和 3 种延伸酶）：25 名 AN-R、25 名 AN-BP 和 46 名健康对照组女性。我们的目标是评估亚型特异性模式。在空腹时间点，月桂酸在 AN-BP 中明显高于 AN-R（ = 0.038），并且在进食后 2 小时显示出明显不同的餐后变化。与对照组相比，AN-R 显示出更高水平的 n-3α-亚麻酸、硬脂酸、二十碳五烯酸（EPA）、二十二碳六烯酸和 n-6 亚油酸和γ-亚麻酸。与对照组相比，AN-BP 显示出更高的 EPA 和饱和月桂酸。更高的 EPA 与 AN-R 中的焦虑升高有关（ = 0.035），但与 AN-BP 中的焦虑降低有关（ = 0.043）。这些发现表明，AN 亚型中不同的进食障碍行为导致脂质失调和饮食障碍共病。个性化饮食干预可能改善脂质失调并提高 AN 的治疗效果。
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