Australian Centre for Precision Health (ACPreH), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Int J Epidemiol. 2024 Apr 11;53(3). doi: 10.1093/ije/dyae074.
While previous studies indicate muscle-strengthening exercises may reduce mortality risk, further research is needed to increase certainty of the evidence. We investigated overall and dose-response associations between weight training and the risks of all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer mortality in a large cohort of older adults with long follow-up time and a large number of deaths. We also investigated the joint associations of weight training and aerobic exercise with mortality risk.
Weight training was assessed via self-report in 2004-05 in the National Institutes of Health-American Association of Retired Persons (NIH-AARP) Diet and Health Study (USA; n = 216 339), with follow-up to 2019. Cox regression estimated the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the associations between weight training and mortality, after adjusting for confounders including aerobic exercise.
Around 25% of participants [mean age = 69.9 years (standard deviation = 5.4), 58% men] reported engaging in weight training over the past year, and there were 79 107 (37%) deaths. Engaging in any weight training (vs none) was associated with lower risks of all-cause (HR = 0.94; 95% CI = 0.93-0.96), CVD (HR = 0.92; 95% CI = 0.90-0.95) and cancer mortality (HR = 0.95; 95% CI = 0.92-0.98). More time spent in weight training was associated with only marginally greater risk reductions. Larger risk reductions were observed among women than men. Performing both aerobic exercise and weight training conferred the greatest mortality risk reduction; weight training was not associated with mortality risk among participants who did no aerobic exercise.
Performing any amount of weight training lowered mortality risk.
虽然先前的研究表明肌肉强化运动可能降低死亡风险，但仍需要进一步的研究来提高证据的确定性。我们在一个随访时间长、死亡人数多的大型老年人群体中，调查了负重训练与全因、心血管疾病（CVD）和癌症死亡率之间的整体和剂量反应关系。我们还调查了负重训练和有氧运动联合与死亡率风险的关系。
2004-05 年，在美国国立卫生研究院-美国退休人员协会（NIH-AARP）饮食与健康研究（USA）中，通过自我报告评估负重训练（n=216339），随访至 2019 年。Cox 回归估计了负重训练与死亡率之间的风险比（HR）和 95%置信区间（CI），在调整了包括有氧运动在内的混杂因素后。
约 25%的参与者[平均年龄 69.9 岁（标准差 5.4），58%为男性]报告过去一年进行过负重训练，有 79107 人（37%）死亡。与不进行任何负重训练相比（HR=0.94；95%CI=0.93-0.96），进行任何负重训练与全因（HR=0.94；95%CI=0.93-0.96）、CVD（HR=0.92；95%CI=0.90-0.95）和癌症死亡率（HR=0.95；95%CI=0.92-0.98）的风险降低相关。进行更多时间的负重训练仅与略微更大的风险降低相关。在女性中观察到的风险降低幅度大于男性。同时进行有氧运动和负重训练可带来最大的死亡率风险降低；对于不进行有氧运动的参与者，负重训练与死亡率风险无关。
进行任何量的负重训练都可以降低死亡率风险。
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