Allen McKenzie K, Frei Wayne
Gastroenterology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Aiken, USA.
General Surgery, Aiken Regional Medical Center, Aiken, USA.
Cureus. 2024 May 7;16(5):e59822. doi: 10.7759/cureus.59822. eCollection 2024 May.
Diffuse esophageal spasm (DES) is a rare esophageal motility disorder characterized by abnormal contractions of the esophagus, leading to curling of the esophagus. The classic finding on barium swallow resembles that of the turns of a corkscrew. This case report presents a case of DES with impressive imaging and an alternative treatment approach. There are no well-established guidelines for the treatment of DES. Treatment options include surgical myotomy, oral medications to aid in smooth muscle relaxation, esophageal dilation, and several newer approaches such as endoscopic botulinum toxin injections. There is a need for less invasive treatment modalities that provide a solution, longer than the duration of action of an oral medication in patients who are not candidates for surgical intervention. This case report presents a complex and challenging case of DES in the context of multiple complicating comorbidities. This case is unique in demonstrating the successful management of a rare esophageal motility disorder in a high-risk patient using a more traditional, less invasive treatment approach. This case report presents a 91-year-old cachectic female with DES in the context of various comorbidities. Given her age, comorbidities, and current status, she was not a candidate for surgical intervention. After attempts at pharmacological therapy, the patient's dysphagia continued to worsen. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with pneumatic esophageal dilation was performed. The patient's swallowing improved in the days following endoscopic dilation.
弥漫性食管痉挛(DES)是一种罕见的食管动力障碍性疾病,其特征为食管异常收缩,导致食管卷曲。钡餐造影的典型表现类似螺旋状。本病例报告介绍了一例具有令人印象深刻的影像学表现及替代治疗方法的DES病例。目前尚无成熟的DES治疗指南。治疗选择包括手术肌切开术、有助于平滑肌松弛的口服药物、食管扩张,以及几种较新的方法,如内镜下肉毒杆菌毒素注射。对于不适合手术干预的患者,需要有侵入性较小的治疗方式,其作用时间长于口服药物。本病例报告呈现了一例合并多种复杂合并症的DES复杂且具有挑战性的病例。该病例的独特之处在于,采用更传统、侵入性较小的治疗方法成功治疗了一名高危患者的罕见食管动力障碍。本病例报告介绍了一名91岁、身体消瘦的女性,患有DES并伴有多种合并症。鉴于其年龄、合并症及当前状况,她不适合手术干预。在尝试药物治疗后,患者的吞咽困难持续恶化。遂进行了上消化道内镜检查及气囊食管扩张术。内镜扩张术后数天,患者的吞咽情况有所改善。