Department of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2024 Jun 9;13(1):61. doi: 10.1186/s13756-024-01417-1.
Antibiotic self-medication is a global public health concern contributing to antibiotic resistance. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to assess the prevalence of antibiotic self-medication and its associated factors in Ethiopia.
A comprehensive search of electronic databases was conducted from MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, Google Scholar and Web of Science to identify relevant studies published between 2000 and 2024. Adult households, undergraduate university students and health care professionals who had taken antibiotics without a prescription in the household setting were included in this review. The primary outcome of this review is antibiotic self- medication. The random-effects model was used to estimate pooled prevalence rates. The outcome measure was analyzed with STATA version 17 software.
A total of nine studies were included in the Meta-analysis, comprising a sample size of 5908 participants. The pooled prevalence of antibiotic self-medication among Ethiopians was found to be 46.14 with 95% Confidence Interval [35.71, 56.57]. The most frequently used classes of self-medicated antibiotics were penicillins, followed by tetracyclines. Community pharmacies were the source of information that individuals utilized. The most common reported reasons for antibiotic self-medication include previous experience of treating a similar illness, to save cost, lack of time and avoiding waiting time for medical services. Participants having less than high school educational level was the most commonly reported factor associated with self-medication antibiotics.
Antibiotic self-medication is a prevalent practice in Ethiopia. This underscores the need for targeted interventions such as educating people about the risks associated with using antibiotics without medical guidance, which results in a reduction in antibiotic resistance.
抗生素自我用药是一个全球性的公共卫生问题，导致了抗生素耐药性的产生。本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在评估埃塞俄比亚抗生素自我用药的流行率及其相关因素。
通过 MEDLINE（PubMed）、Scopus、Google Scholar 和 Web of Science 等电子数据库，全面检索了 2000 年至 2024 年期间发表的相关研究。本综述纳入了在家庭环境中未经处方服用抗生素的成年家庭、本科大学生和医疗保健专业人员。本综述的主要结果是抗生素自我用药。使用随机效应模型估计汇总流行率。使用 STATA 版本 17 软件分析结果。
本 Meta 分析共纳入 9 项研究，共纳入 5908 名参与者。研究发现，埃塞俄比亚人抗生素自我用药的总体流行率为 46.14%，95%置信区间为[35.71, 56.57]。自我用药中最常使用的抗生素类别是青霉素，其次是四环素。社区药店是个人获取信息的来源。自我用药最常见的原因包括以前有过类似疾病的治疗经验、节省成本、缺乏时间和避免医疗服务的等待时间。参与者中受教育程度低于高中的人是与自我用药抗生素最常相关的因素。
抗生素自我用药在埃塞俄比亚是一种普遍的做法。这突显了需要采取有针对性的干预措施，例如教育人们在没有医疗指导的情况下使用抗生素的风险，从而减少抗生素耐药性的产生。
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